@Gaynfyd You are very clear, but I think I am not being, although seeing your response made me clarify my thinking. I think there are two aspects:
a) practical skills; and
b) emotional understanding.
Let me talk about a) as I think that is easier to articulate.
One of the things that DS found frustrating about his work experience in a busy A&E, was that they were flat out, but for legal reasons (especially being under 18), he was not allowed to help much, just watch. The most satisfying aspect was when he was allowed to start the process of taking a medical history, ie actually do something useful rather than feeling like a spare part. It did make him feel that he wanted to focus on those medical schools that got him into the hospital as fast as possible, and he did learn, but he is keen to do.
But you see, because of all this regulation, DS is unusual in that he actually has hands on experience. He hasn't just shadowed, he has done.
Now that DS1 has moved out, we discovered that in order for his carers to be allowed to give him Buccal Medazolam, they needed to go on an entire day training course. My DH in particular found this hilarious. We as his parents got, maybe five minutes explanation, before we were sent home with the drug. As my DH says, because I slept with you and we produced a child, I am deemed to be medically qualified! And it is a bit like that. While I would never allow DS(2) to give Buccal Medazolam, I certainly would and did say "please can you draw up the Ranitadine" while I hoist him" (or vice versa). Ie DS doesn't just have experience shadowing, he has actual skills that they will not generally let 16/17 year olds get. And he has been doing it for years. Should he be "reflecting" on what he saw a doctor doing in A&E or the experience of knowing that if you hoist your brother wrong, you can hurt him, and that your mother only lets you do it because she knows you know how? That you know, when drawing up medicine, that while your mother may check, if you give too much or too little, or don't allow for the bubble at the bottom of the syringe, it could be dangerous? That hoisting of adults works much better with an established team of two who each know the way the other will move. Or should he ignore this knowledge as it is weird and if not acquired in the home setting, illegal, and talk about teamwork in hospitals as you have described? He did write a lot of that (on the instructions of his supervisor in A&E) on what he saw while he couldn't do anything but watch.
b) this one is harder to explain, but he could prossibly go on about the limitations of doctors who only see a patient, often every few months, and the emotional impact of some of their advice. And the need to encourage the patient or if the patient is not able, the family, to actively participate in the decision making, eg when trying experimental epilepsy drugs. Or why trying too many drugs may create burdens in other ways, that doctors are often oblivious to. It might not be what those scoring the PS want to hear, however, and they may in fact not be able to understand, and so he might shoot himself in the foot. It is not just about being empathic, it is about the intersection of medicine and pragmatics in the real world that he has seen in a way that most teenagers haven't. But it is not a level of reflection he could possibly pick up from mere observation in any of the standard settings in which he is expected to get "work experience", and so maybe he would be better shutting up about such experiences and telling them about what he has learnt in a week in the hospital, and from wider reading, which are more likely to fit the box ticking exercise you describe.
Is this clearer?