Agree with others that it depends. I am interested in the permaculture idea of fruit tree guilds. As such I grow strawberries, comfrey, and garlic around the base of my apple tree. It is young but appears happy. The comfrey feeds the tree (chop and drop) and attracts pollinators, the garlic is supposed to deter some pests, the strawberries taste nice... !
I will probably add some more things as time goes on. I have had things planted close by to this tree from its first planting, I did not follow the advice to keep 60cm completely clear and it has established just fine.