"I suppose one of the issues with modelling is that you can't do a controlled trial."
We can look at the very similar group of Scandinavian countries, which all had very low death rates compared to the rest of Europe
Sweden has extensive social distancing, but its neighbours have lockdown too
e.g. Norway, next door to Sweden and v similar ethnically:
Norway pop. 5.4 million
Total COVID deaths (with lockdown) only 215
That's only 40 deaths / million pop.
Even normalised by population, Sweden has several times the deaths of its neighbours
How would the UK economy have fared with 10 x the deaths of Italy, France, Spain ?
Our curves in lockdown are very similar to theirs, suggesting we behave like them, not Sweden