Short answer…. It depends how you access your work systems.
If you’re using VDI like Citrix workspaces (this runs a “viewer” on you local computer which connects to a virtual machine at work) then it will work on anything modern (windows laptop, iPad, Chromebook, etc).
If you’re simply logging into your work Office 365 account, this will work on most things, but on a Chromebook it will be via a browser rather than installed applications. For install apps, it would have to be windows or apple.
If you are connecting directly via a VPN, then your personal computer would have to meet your IT security requirements and there’s no easy answer. Though this is unlikely an option as it is the highest risk to the employer from a cyber security perspective.
This is all very general, because your work IT can impose lots of restrictions to manage access/security. If you have a work need, best thing is to ask IT or dig out any policies/instructions.
Good luck. FYI. Apple MacBook Neo’s are excellent and probably the best budget laptop around