AI datacentres are completely different from traditional datacentres that run websites, databases, busines applications etc. AI datacentres require water cooling whereas traditional servers use air cooling. AI datacentres use VASTLY more power (the same as a small town) compared to traditional datacentres. A rack full of traditional servers will run at about 3kW - the same as a kettle. A rack full of GPU-loaded servers for AI workloads runs at 150kW
AI, modern search engines etc, all use for more computing power than computing 20 years ago had. Heating and cooling has always been an issue in datacentres. They are usually designed with hot and cold aisles, to draw in cooler air and push out the hot air in the same direction.
Water cooling isn't that new - we considered it as an option about 20 years ago when installing new servers. The datacentre I currently work in has some water cooling. Obviously water in a datacentre increases some risk - water and computers are generally not a good mix, at least if it goes wrong. Mind you, the time we lost cooling to a whole datacentre was probably the most challenging I've dealt with in my career. Overheating servers shut themselves down, not always in a controlled manner.
You can get the specs for servers online. Thry usually mention their KW usage, and also BTU output. Obviously you are unlikely to know what servers and storage arrays any given supplier is using, but you can get an idea of enterprise level specifications.
Companies are working on technology that is more energy efficient, like low-energy chips, but it will take a few years for it to become widely used.
We all use the data- we're on Mumsnet, for a start - so yes, we consumers should be paying towards it.