No.
As I said above, I have Type 1.
BLOOD SUGAR that is too high long term can cause the issues you describe. Eating SUGAR, per se, does not.
A fairly simplified version of what happens, but:
All the food you eat is broken down within the body into glucose which is used as fuel. Different types of food take different amounts of time to be broken down into glucose. Simple sugars, such as glucose, sucrose and the like are broken down more quickly. More complex carbohydrates take longer, and protein and fats take longer still, but are still ultimately broken down into glucose.
This glucose is transported in the bloodstream around the body to be carried into cells to be used as fuel.
Insulin can be thought of as a 'key' which allows that glucose to get into the cells. Without insulin, the glucose can not get in, the cells are starved of energy, and glucose builds up increasingly in the bloodstream (i.e. the blood sugar becomes too high), with the body doing its utmost to get rid of the excess via urine.
The pancreas of a type 1 diabetic produces no insulin at all. Therefore, in order to get energy into the cells FROM ANY FOOD SOURCE, insulin is needed.
It is actually easiest to dose the correct insulin amount and control blood sugar when eating something which is high in sucrose, because it is broken down so quickly. By contrast, a meal containing large amounts of protein, fat and just some carbohydrates is much harder to get right, as the rate of the foods being broken down into glucose is slow and often unpredictable. Food is still being broken down, but the insulin to cover the meal has already been 'used up'.
Without any insulin, even eating NOTHING AT ALL, the blood sugar of someone with Type 1 will skyrocket. Death will occur within a matter of days even if one were to eat nothing. This is of course what happened to Type 1s before insulin was discovered/manufactured.
In addition, people whose bodies work normally are usually unaware that their pancreas is CONSTANTLY pumping out a smaller or larger amount of insulin. For example, when one wakes up in the morning, the liver (which is one place where the body stores glucose) dumps a load of glucose into the bloodstream to provide energy to start the day.
For a Type 1, without insulin, this will of course raise blood sugar. So you need to have some insulin active in your body at all times, whether by injecting slow-acting 'background' insulin as well as fast-acting insulin to cover the meals you eat, or by using an insulin pump which gives a tiny amount of insulin every couple of minutes (so-called 'basal'), as well as a larger amount (so-called 'bolus') for when you eat something. The correct amounts of all this insulin varies from person to person, is usually different at different times of day, and is pretty difficult to get perfectly right.
So, to summarise, if you have Type 1, you need insulin, even when you are not eating. When you do eat, you need more insulin. You have to figure out how much insulin you need in accordance with what you are eating, which means you are trying to do manually something that other people's bodies do automatically, and it is hard to get it right.
However, SUGAR is not off-limits.
I'm going to finish by quoting myself from upthread:
'As someone who has been, against my will, been given all sorts of - usually wrong - dietary advice or judgement from family, friends and strangers for YEARS now...'
... would you please just stop it.
And that goes for judging people with Type 2 as well.