MIT and Harvard have both started to offer free tuition to anyone whose parents earn less than $200,000 from this year. MIT started this in 2024 with a limit of $140,000 but have increased to $200,000. Yale offer it for families earning below $75,000
All three schools use a weighting system to assess attainment which takes into account opportunity. This means that a young person with a GPA of 3.7 from a state school will be given a higher weighting than a young person with the same score from a prestigious private school.
Similarly, a young person from a public state school background from a deprived area, will be weighted higher than a student from a state school in a less deprived area.
Over 80% of MIT students and 60% of Harvard students attended state school (and this will increase with the new free tuition policy) compared to 90% of children attending state school overall in the US.
This means US young people from less well off backgrounds stand a much better chance of being able to attend Ivy League colleges than UK children have of attending Russell Group universities.
British universities, generally don't offer blanket tuition free opportunities in the same way and our levels for maintenance loan qualification are much much lower, nor do they weight attainment to account for educational opportunity.
The percentage of state school educated children attending Oxford is 66% and decreasing, Cambridge is just over 70%, compared with just 93-94% of children attending state schools.