"I am constantly angry and frustrated, and I often have taken this out on DH."
Which was very unkind of you. You are now experiencing the consequences of your past actions.
"However, whereas previously my husband would just ignore my moods, he will now react with lots of shouting, swearing and silent treatment."
I often fall back on advice I originally saw on here - 'If you do what you've always done, you'll get what you always got'. So, his 'reward' for ignoring your moods was for you to have another go at him, he rightly saw ignoring your moods as being the wrong thing to do. And he was right to do so. At least now you're questioning yourself. Maybe you'll even stop taking your anger out on him. Eventually. If he doesn't leave you first. Have you ever accepted, even if just to yourself, that you drove him to the end of his tether?
"I admit it's my fault but I wish he'd be kinder and just let me vent, and help me get better."
From his point of view, you are not 'venting', you are having yet another go at him and undoubtedly making his life fucking unpleasant. And you want him to be "kinder"? Are you ever kinder to him? Maybe you should consider that you should be kinder and just let him "react with lots of shouting, swearing and silent treatment"? How does that sound to you?
"I am abit stuck about what to do. It's an horrible environment for our children."
You created this horrible environment. Did you ever consider your children when you were taking your anger and frustration out on him? Well - did you?
As for what to do - have you ever apologised to your husband for your shitty behaviour? Be under no illusions - claiming neurodivergence makes your behaviour no less shitty to the person on the receiving end.
"My sister thinks I need to put up with it but I don't know for how long I can."
How long did he put up with it?
Bottom line, OP, you are the author of your own misfortune. YOU DID THIS. And now you're complaining because you don't like the consequences? I doubt your husband like it much either, but he didn't start this, you did.
I'd start with an absolutely abject apology to him (and hope he accepts it - he doesn't have to). Don't try and excuse your behaviour with 'but, neurodivergence'. Own it, completely. Stress that you are trying to change, with the help of your GP, and that you hope he'll give you another chance (he doesn't have to). And for the love of god - stop taking your anger and frustration out on him. Because in his shoes, I would walk the instant you did.