I think before the benefits system can be properly reformed, we need to reform structures around it.
2 years paid further education, be this university or a proper apprenticeship where you‘re then ready to go into a job or become self-employed. It would make education more accessible for poorer members of society, who so often just go straight into a minimum wage job without a progression structure on leaving school. On a three year degree course, I‘d charge for the first year and have the final 2 paid.Money would come primarily from employers, who then take on the graduates for a minimum of five years after, with a pot available for small business owners to subsidise their involvement in the system. Learners can claim their 2 years at any age - if they’re not ready when leaving school, they can do minimum wage until they are.
I‘d also implement proper, comprehensive careers advice at school, with a roadmap made for every pupil before choosing subjects and again before leaving.
I‘d also ensure the UK had more manufacturing companies. They ‚create value‘ in a financial sense much more than anything in the service industry and with a higher manufacturing percentage, the economy becomes better able to financially support the service industry both through the sales tax and the income tax generated from the manufacturers.
A manufacturing job can also better accommodate school hours through a shift system and no customer contact.
And no zero-hours contracts outside of an extremely limited range of industries/ a restricted percentage of a company’s staff.
I‘d increase NHS contributions to raise their funding so that illnesses can be treated before they become chronic and rehabilitating.
I‘d also like to somehow incentivise flexible working and job shares. As a student over 20 years ago, I suggested to a large supermarket where I worked in the holidays that I buddy up with a young parent. She gets to stay home during school holidays and I get to work during the holidays. It was too alien and complicated a concept for them to implement.
We‘d need to do something about property rental, too, maybe a maximum rent amount per area
However, once we’ve made employment more accessible to all through security, flexibility, financially healthy companies, good education and good company progression structures, we would have a good basis to sort out the benefits system. And probably less need of it.