Only read the 1st 5 pages but this issue had not been mentioned.
Whilst Music is a National Curriculum subject, many schools do not deliver anything like the hour per week that students are meant to receive. IMO, this is at least partially to do with the fact that Music/Art are not part of the EBacc. As schools are judged on results, the number of people achieving the EBacc is something they want to enhance, and by dropping Music/Art etc. more time can be devoted to EBacc subjects. In primary schools, Y6 often spend most of their time on SATs preparation, simply because schools are judged on those results. Music is edged out. Added to that, most primary teachers have not received a decent music education themselves, so feel anxious and unprepared teaching it, therefore it gets ignored. School budgets are so tight now that employing a specialist teacher is simply unaffordable. There are schemes designed for non-specialists but those I have looked at are largely tedious and formulaic without inspiring children.
What would I do to remedy the situation? Funding is a major issue, but that has been done to death on MN. Perhaps an OFSTED inspection should not be able to find a school outstanding or good unless Music/Sport are given parity with History or D&T.
I teach Music in a lovely state secondary school where it is a well-regarded and valued subject. Only last night I took a group of students out to perform in the community. Some of them receive individual lessons, many do not. Yes, those receiving individual lessons have an advantage. We don't have a county music service. We have a Hub that appears to have particular agendas which do not align with ours/mine. Our local primary school asked for some help which I gave willingly. Apparently the local Hub lead had "tried" to contact them to support them. I had no difficulty in getting hold of them, going in, listening to the SLT people, making some quick recommendations, then following this up with a more detailed response by email and an offer of ongoing support. I did it because I care, but the people receiving money to do this, namely the Hub are more interested in one-off events that they can crow about on social media. Heaven forbid one actually dares to offer constructive criticism; that results in vitriolic emails to my Head. Proudly sporting that T-shirt.
I have also recently done some work in another local primary school. Again, this school really values Music, allocating some of the Pupil Premium budget to it. However, the instrumental teachers were at best variable. A couple were inspirational teachers and practitioners. Two had no idea of how to teach or use correct techniques, meaning that when their pupils moved onto specialists, they had to unravel years of poor practice, a most disheartening experience.
My own state-educated DDs started learning instruments before they started primary school and had lessons privately with specialist teachers. Both DH and I think it is a vital skill, so we prioritised paying for this, swimming lessons and dance (both were desperate to learn ballet). We didn't bother with paid-for TV services like Sky or Netflix and had cheap mobile phone contracts to be able to afford it. Both DDs played in ensembles with peers who went onto conservatoires, Oxbridge music degrees etc, almost all of whom were state educated.
I am the only one who attended a private school. I was on a 100% scholarship so my parents only paid for uniform and lunches. The music there was rubbish by comparison to what I now deliver. The only practical work we did was singing. We only listened to music from the Baroque, Classical and early Romantic eras. It was dire. This week, my year 8s have listened to John Cage, Stockhausen and Kraftwerk in their class lessons as well as performing music from different film scores.
Some state schools do a great job. All would like to. Money makes a massive difference and right now, there is nothing spare in state schools. Perhaps if this corrupt , morally bankrupt and artistically illiterate government actually funded schools properly without imposing minimal staff pay-rises on already stretched budgets, the playing field might level. I despair that will ever happen.