I have this too.
I know I do a good job - I get things done and I am someone that people come to for advice on a lot of different things. But I walk into an interview and talk down my achievements (I had feedback from 1 interviewer before that the 2 who knew me wanted to come across the table and shake me as everything I said was "we" for the 40 minutes, even when they pointedly asked "what was YOUR specific role/achievement...etc"). I have stagnated in my current grade for 15 years now.
I am like that in family life - my DPs reckon I am the black sheep but I am the one who has a house paid off, good job, good marriage, stable lifestyle etc. Other DSiblings have very different lives and are not so "successful" in society (everyone lives their life differently and has different things that are important to them - so that is an analytical comment not a judgement) - but I still feel like I am the black sheep and giving bad example. DH always talks before we visit about my levels of stress and getting things right about bringing presents and doing things for DPs. And spends most of the trip home mopping me up and building my self-esteem back up again after it's been knocked back into the gutter.
I feel it in my volunteering role - where I have a senior position and know what I am doing, and get lots of feedback from parents about how great what we do is. But I always feel like someone is going to see through me and realise I am always winging it. (When I'm not - I do a lot of work preparing and having a plan, and the other volunteers also are very experienced and we can all run with emergency plans if something happens to change it very easily). It did help recently hearing from an "old hand" who is no longer directly active that what we do in our group is the envy of many other groups even if we don't always conform exactly to the strict programme - we do lots of things that others can only dream of doing, and the kids are all having fun doing it.
I've done executive coaching, read lots of books (including Michelle Obama and Sheryl Sandberg), listened to loads of podcasts, had praise from more recent managers etc.
But the job done on my self esteem growing up by DPs, and repeated by 2 particular ineffective and micro-managing managers a few years back, has been so effective that it is very hard to counteract it and make myself believe that I really am good enough.
Working myself up to do another interview soon, I hope, so currently reviewing my achievements and trying to make myself believe that I AM GOOD ENOUGH.