As for who has come to the conclusion that capitalism is not the be all and end all, I think you will find it is 100% of countries, as pretty much all countries have some form of welfare system, taxation, free education
This is still part of the capitalist system, in that these programmes depend on the surpluses of capitalism to survive. If they don’t have successful enterprises/businesses to leach off of, where would we be? The question really is how much?
Personally, I’m not supportive of universal health care and universal public schooling (as in the US).
Government doesn’t really do a great job with these sectors, does any innovation actually come from the NHS? Or from American public schools 😂
I’m actually very supportive of UBI as a driver of capitalism (the receiver has free reign to spend how like without the government or officious busybodies telling them how to spend it like in more traditional versions).
The reality is, if you did not have successful private companies and individuals to tax, you couldn’t hope to afford these programmes.
The only difference between us is that you appear to view capitalism as central to it all, with taxation etc just there to service the requirements of capitalism, and the motivating factor behind absolutely everything all humans ever do, and I view it as one of the motivating factors behind human endeavour, but not always the most desirable or useful ine in every situation
So ... you are in fact a capitalist. You don’t actually want the government to take over most industry and you still believe in private property rights. So you want to tweak it, I just disagree with you on how to accomplish that.
Capitalism has lifted the most people out of poverty ever. It may seem immoral to you, but it’s better than trying to motivate (or force) people by moral imperatives. Here’s a great quote from Adam Smith on this:
It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest. We address ourselves not to their humanity but to their self-love, and never talk to them of our own necessities, but of their advantages
And my whole point is that investment doesn’t always guarantee any kind of result. What do you think universities are for?
It’s not your point when you talk about planned innovation. Put simply, I don’t want the government to pour public money into unprofitable ventures. Let private investors do that 