I think it's a myth that Americans pay less tax.
Americans pay federal and state tax. They pay medicaid tax and for the ponzi scheme known as social security. All of those items are deducted from pay cheques.
They also pay property tax and they are taxed by their municipality. Those taxes are paid to their county of residence from an escrow account if they have a mortgage, and to the county directly by them if they have no mortgage. Depending on the estimated taxable valuation of your property you could pay tens of thousands of dollars (or even more) annually in property tax. People I know pay $50k in property tax annually, on top of all the rest. When you go to buy a house/condo the latest assessment is provided along with the other details of the property by the realtor.
They pay sewage, water and garbage removal charges. They pay tax on every single item they buy including baby food and aspirin and tampons and children's shoes. They pay tax on items bought online.
When it comes to municipal charges, municipal spending and levying of taxes, and county levies and spending, American voters get a direct and an indirect say. They vote for the county (property tax) assessor. They vote in local referenda on expenditure to expand the local public high school or to rebuild the middle school, and on the local parks department master plan from now until 2025, or whatever else is proposed. They don't get as much say in federal or state policy/tax/expenditure but they care all the same. However, the habit of following proposals and feeling involved in the decision making process at local level gives the impression that Americans are obsessed with keeping taxes low and the rugged independence/ every man for himself philosophy. There are places where people vote for expenditure on great public facilities, partly because a fantastic library, parks/rec facilities, and local school system keep the resale value of their houses high.
Then there are student loans that Americans are often saddled with, amounting to a tax on graduates in many cases. Six months after graduation your loans come due and there is no income threshold you have to reach in order to start paying.