Was that aimed at me, DalekBred? No, no judginess about single parents from me.
The OP asked who are "our own".
Looking after one's own is about looking after an "in-group", often at the expense of an "out-group", so it really matters who the in-group is.
That could be geographical groups like your street, as Rigby describes - and the elderly neighbour in need could have come to the UK as an immigrant from India in 1960.
But people use plenty of other meanings.
Some people would consider the elderly, Indian-born neighbour not to be their own. They might be very certain that "their own" was based on birthplace or race.
Some Tories have been overt in recent years that Tory voters are their own, and brought in policies towards local govt designed to beggar traditionally Labour-voting areas - article in LRB just now about this, which is why that eg is in my mind.
I've also had in mind the moment when single mothers were famously made the scapegoats at a Tory party conference under Thatcher.
For some, families which send their children to state schools are not "our own". Or families which rely on state healthcare.
And having been through that grindstone myself I can be pretty damn sure that being disabled and poor was not "our own" for Cameron and Osborne. (Though the disabled and rich were.)
And so on.
When people are using "look after our own" to, very understandably, complain about not getting cataract operations, they do so from the point of view of believing they are members of the in-group and it's some other poor bugger who should be being left out. Not realising that someone else has already drawn the in-group rather smaller, and neither the person needing the cataract operation nor the other poor bugger are in... So rather a case of be careful what you wish for.
Sorry, that's a tired ramble. But asking who the in-group actually is in any given political context, is a perfectly valid Q by the OP.