You both sound really stressed, which is completely understandable. This is all very new, and the sleeplessness can cause quite high tempers.
Have you tried talking during the day about the nighttime feed, not just snapping at each other in the middle of the night when you're both frazzled? I think it's worth talking at a calmer time before going off to teach him a lesson.
Frankly, it might be better for everyone if your partner isn't in the room with you and baby right now. It also sounds like maybe your partner feels a bit 'left out', not taking a fair share of parenting roles, maybe even jealous of your bond with baby. It could be worth it to discuss ways he could take over more during the day while you assume responsibility for the nighttime feed.
Just some ideas I hope can help... I think leaving to your mum's is a bit PA, and I wouldn't recommend it. This is a difficult time, stress levels are high. Remember loads of lovely people here on MN for hand-holding, support and advice when you need it. 