I've noticed that the UK media have been particularly "off" for a while in their reporting of socio-political trends in the USA. I'm not sure if the recent Presidential election has made it worse or it's just that there are more such stories, and more rushed/badly-reported stories, in the aftermath.
Banning books is an issue. So is pressuring (in some cases threatening) for-profit companies so that they refuse to publish, stock, display, or promote certain books or types of books. But this story isn't about banning or "cancelling" books, it's about regulating the content available to students in school libraries. In the US, public (state) schools start with Kindergarten and run through 12th grade ("K-12"). Typically a child will be 5 at the start of K and 18 at the end of 12; some may be younger if they have a birthday late in the year. In large school districts there may be a "Junior High" which covers grades 7-8 and sometimes 9, and a "Senior High School" for 9 or 10 - 12, but smaller districts typically lump grades 7 - 12 together in one "(Jr/Sr) High School", so you have students aged roughly 11 through 18 sharing the school library.
US school libraries are open access for students; there are no Hogwarts-style restricted sections. You go in during your free periods or before or after school and browse the shelves and sit and read, or check out, anything you want. Obviously, safeguarding applies. But in this article, "banned books" seems to be a misnomer; the reality is that some books aren't available in the school library for any student to read/borrow because they're not appropriate for all ages of students who attend the school. Not infrequently, you'll see cases where an older class is assigned a book that's not in the library for general access; in these cases the students in the class will be lent a copy of the book. And of course, someone looking for a particular book can find it in the public library, in online collections accessed via pub library membership, or commercially; the school library removals are mainly to stop children stumbling on potentially harmful books they would not otherwise have been aware of.
Is there some overreach, some politically-motivated or religion-driven campaigns to remove certain books? Of course, and in the main schools have to be trusted to judge and handle these, starting with the expertise of the trained professional school librarian(s) and often going to school board and community hearings with subject matter experts brought in and (as a PP mentioned) formal reviews. But by far, the main things that get books excluded from school libraries are graphic sexual content, graphic violence, profane or obscene language, extremely distressing or upsetting content (things like torture), and demonstrable misinformation.