I just want to point out there are some posters on this thread quoting completely outrageous statistics (e.g. some ridiculous 50% number), plus links are being provided to very out-of-date studies and/or studies primarily conducted by midwife departments (which I trust less to be honest, as I often am skeptical as to their ability to produce high quality unbiased studies when it comes to this area).
Things are very different with modern epidurals, for example: www.cochrane.org/CD000331/PREG_epidurals-pain-relief-labour://www.cochrane.org/CD000331/PREG_epidurals-pain-relief-labour
There are many other recent studies with similar conclusions to the above.
Furthermore there are many other factors involved in the potential for an increased risk of instrumental birth, e.g. is this the mother's first vaginal birth, was she induced etc.
While I am greatly supportive of the NHS, it is very much an incredibly basic one size fits all service when it comes to childbirth. Having experienced childbirth in 3 different countries (all with advanced medical care) including the UK, I am of the opinion that the NHS simply doesn't have the resources to be able to offer choices and dignified birthing to women (incl. providing guaranteed access to an epidural if requested). Sadly I think there are incentives in the system to promote births without epidurals, primarily the lack of available required staff (i.e. anaesthetists) due to funding/management.
It seems most people agree women should be able to choose, but it is simply
not possible if the staff aren't actually on the ward.
Midwife's are put in a difficult position in this sense, as they are the front line, and it's much easier for them, to tell both themselves, and birthing women, that it is much safer to try to avoid an epidural, than it is to tell someone who is at extremely low risk of an instrumental birth due to an epidural (i.e. someone with zero complications going having their 3rd child) that they just can't have one because it costs too much and the system doesn't prioritize your pain relief.
As the old analogy goes, we would consider it barbaric to pop someone's dislocated shoulder back in without adequate pain relief, but we just can't afford to give the same option to women going through childbirth.