Thread from Michael Foran
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Under the Equality Act 2006, if the minister does not approve draft guidance, she must provide the EHRC with reasons for rejecting the draft code of practise. Those reasons can be judicially reviewed for error of law, among other things.
This means that the Secretary of State is required, without unreasonable delay, to decide whether or not to reject the draft code and to provide reasons for a rejection. I do not think it would be lawful to refuse to make that decision while waiting for a RIA.
The process here is clear. If the minister does not wish to lay the draft code before Parliament she must reject it and provide written reasons for her decision. If her reason is that she considers a RIA to be necessary, that can be judicially reviewed.
Guidance is not regulation. A failure to understand the legal status of the code of practice, evidenced by an insistence that a regulatory impact assessment is necessary, could imply an error of law.
There has been a recurring theme over the last two decades of activists presenting guidance on how to comply with the law as if it’s the law. The EHRC issues guidance not to set new legal obligations but to explain to people who can’t afford legal advice what the law is.
The RIA process is designed to help government bodies to decide on what policy choices they should make within areas of their jurisdiction. It implies choice among a range of policy options.
If the minister thinks that the EHRC have misunderstood the law following FWS, she can say as much in her statement of reasons for rejecting the Code. That could then be reviewed for error of law. If she accepts the EHRC understanding of the law, then there is no need for a RIA
Either way, it is clear to me that any attempt to require the EHRC to conduct an RIA much arise as a result of a decision by the minister to reject the draft code. Doing so requires written reasons to be given, which can then be judicially reviewed.
Refusal to make a decision on whether or not to approve the code is not permitted. The wording of the EqA2006 is clear that the minister “shall” either approve the code or give written reasons for rejection. This implies a duty that cannot be ignored without good reason.
Failure to come to a decision within a reasonable time may also be subject to judicial review for failure to comply with a statutory obligation.