@gardenbird48
Case by case is problematic and doesn't stand up if there are cases which have been allowed but issues have occurred. Which we know is the situation.
I was of the understanding that case by case looks at a type of provision as a case ie. is is considered that ALL hospital wards should be segregated by sex - it is hospital wards that are the case.
Stonewall et al have managed to twist it to imply a case refers to an individual person but I've heard other legal explanation that this is not true at all (and I think it states it clearly in the EA 2010).
'Case by case' isn't in the EA at all.
EHRC added it to the statutory code and made it clear they mean 'person by person'.
www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/publication-download/services-public-functions-and-associations-statutory-code-practice
(page 198)
The effect of this additional requirement is that if a women-only service wishes to use this exception and is legally challenged by a tw, the case becomes personal.
The test is no longer whether it's justified and proportionate for women to have female only space in a specific circumstance. The test is now whether this particular tw is 'woman enough' for female service users to be expected to turn a blind eye to their maleness and accept them personally into what was a female only space.
'Case by case' means that no-one has the right to run women only services any more. You can have it as a policy but 'case by case' overrules your policy so you can never guarantee female only space to your service users. Little wonder that women's organisations are afraid to use this exception.
This is what Ann Sinnott's proposed JR is about - challenging EHRC's unlawful guidance (digging still needed).
uncommongroundmedia.com/the-2010-equality-act-is-being-undermined-by-official-guidance/
She has managed to get some of EHRC's non-statutory guidance changed but it's still there in the statutory code which is a really big deal. Statutory code does not have the same legal standing as the EA itself but it's passed into law by a statutory instrument:
www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2011/857/contents/made
Anybody not following the statutory code would have to be able to show a very good reason if they ended up in court.
And surprise surprise, EHRC added this unlawful guidance following consultation with TRA groups. Not Stonewall this time (they were part of the consultation but this was 2011, before they turned into a TRA org), but a:gender, Gires and Press For Change.
www.equalityhumanrights.com/en/publication-download/equality-act-codes-practice-post-consultation-report