Elsiebear it is a certificate of a person's birth.
It records the date, place, sex, mother & given name of every child born.
These are key details unique to every person.
Every person of course having being birthed by a woman, its mother.
The majority of birth certificates record the father but not all. For various reasons, the name of the father may not be the man whose genetic material contributed to the fetus before birth.
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child acknowledges that every child should “be registered immediately after birth”
In England this practice of requiring every birth to be registered originated with the 1836 Act for the Registering of Births, Deaths, and Marriages.