Does it mean we can challenge a male in women's spaces and not get a call from police?
Yes. This has always been the case. The Equality Act 2010, Schedule 3, section 27, subsection 6 has always permitted this:
(6) The condition is that—
(a) the service is provided for, or is likely to be used by, two or more persons at the same time, and
(b) the circumstances are such that a person of one sex might reasonably object to the presence of a person of the opposite sex.
See Schedule 3 and scroll down to section 27 [Single sex services]
www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/schedule/3
[see also sections 26 [Separate services for the sexes] and 28 Gender reassignment]]
In addition, here are the Explanatory Notes relating to Single sex provision [sections 26, 27 and 28]
www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/notes/division/3/16/20/7
Further, the Equality Act is civil law, not criminal law, so the police do not engage in any way since no crime is involved here.