Am ex-bravissimo bra fitter and current mothercare bra fitter.
36 b is the same cup size as a 34 c but bigger in the back. If you can fit a brand new 36 b around you snugly on the tightest notch then you are wearing it as a 34 c anyway.
The important thing to realise is that bra sizes are a guide. Each bra/manufacturer/design can differ wildly from each other. In the same way you can be a 12 in Next, a 14 in M&S or a 16 in Top Shop. So its good to know what you are looking for so you can fit yourself up in all shops. Get yourself to Bravissimo, or to John Lewis. They are definately the best places, or Rigby & Peller. They will all educate you about what to look for when trying bras. Never just buy a size off the shelf as it may well not suit your shape....which is the other problem. Its not just about size. Its about shape also. Many women, after they've had kids look the weight from the top of their breasts. This happens as you get older anyway, but in my experience, childbirth speeds up the sagging! (great) So, you need to find the most flattering style for you, and to make sure you fit the right bits.
Finally, people are finally realising that a D cup really isn't that big. I would say the average bust size of women who go to Bravissimo is a 34 G.
And the average size of woman I fit who is in their 3rd trimester is about a 34 E or F.
It makes such a difference when you wear the right sized bra your boobs are where they are supposed to be and your clothes look amazing. It gives you back your figure. (or, an element of it at least!)
Some shops have strange equations for adding inches to your back measurement etc, to get your cup size. But it really doesn't work. If I measured a woman as 34" around her rib cage under her rib cage, then that is the back size we start with. No adding anything. Then for the cup size, its impossible to use a measurement, as depending on how big your boobs are, and how low down they sit on your chest, would depend on how many inches the measurement would be. Eg. Saggier boobs, sit lower down, so the equi-distance around the back would be lower and wider/narrower, depending on the weight of the person.
HTH!
Have fun and welcome to the world of decent fitting bras!
ps - they are supposed to be tight. You will get red marks from your bras. They should be the same as socks and knickers. Obviously not massive bleeding welts though! - You may find going from a 36" back to a 32" back a bit of a shock, but you do get used to it pretty quickly.