It depends on what sort of garment you want!
Polyester is much-maligned, and heavyweight polyester clothes tend to be unpleasantly sweaty. But polyester fabric is strong and durable, very easy to care for, and you can get lightweight airy weaves that are fairly breathable because of the fabric structure (even though the fibres themselves aren’t breathable). I have a few polyester blouses that have lasted years and years, which often go with me on work trips because I can throw them in a suitcase knowing they won’t be full of creases when I take them out.
Viscose is a regenerated fibre – although it does originate from plants, the cellulose fibres are dissolved using strong solvents and then reconstituted. The original material (wood pulp, cotton waste, bamboo) might seem natural/green/environmentally friendly but the process of turning it into usable fibre isn’t. Viscose is very cheap to make compared to natural fabrics (cotton, linen, etc), but the fibres are weak, especially when wet, and not very durable compared to natural or synthetic fibres. But the hand and drape are very good, you get a lovely soft comfortable fabric, that depending how it is processed can either look similar to cotton or have a silky sheen.
So far as environmental concerns go, unfortunately there are no really good answers with textiles. The best thing is to buy only what you need, second-hand if possible, and avoid unnecessary washing (especially at high temps), and either re-purpose or recycle garments once you’ve finished with them. And remember that blended fabrics are very difficult to recycle – even if you put them in a recycling bin they probably won’t be.