sashs - To answer your point, it is because the grammar schools here take nearly all the high, high achievers. High achievers are not all the same. Some are tutored to become high achievers and others are very bright and nuturally quick. Bucks has very many high achievers! The grammar schools, however, are not full of Bucks children. Where my old school is situated, there is one secondary modern (plus now a tiny free school just opened) and one grammar of roughly the same size. However, 50% of the children in that area do not go to the grammar! The grammar, by law, has to be open to any child that passes the exam, firstly in the catchment area then secondly, outside the catchment area by distance. Several towns in Bucks are exactly the same as this, eg Marlow, one grammar and one secondary modern. The short-fall in the high, high achievers are made up from the out of catchment children. Basically Maidenhead where Theresa May wants a grammar.
It is difficult to get your head around unless you live here! However, it is clear to me that any new grammars will make a mockery of a comprehensive education unless they only take, say 2-5% of children in a huge area such as the grammar schools in Devon that do not adversely affet the other schools (so I have heard).
The very big issue is how do you get FSM and PP children into grammar schools (should they come into being) if these children cannot access tuition and cannot afford the transport. In Bucks, if you do not go to your nearest school, whether you have achieved the magic 121 or not, you pay for transport. Transporting 50% of FSM and PP children to a new grammar school would cost a fortune. What size of catchment area would be needed for this?
Also, no, there cannot be a 14 plus! Usually it is 12 and 13 plus for obvious reasons. The secondary moderns may do 3 year GCSEs, but the grammars do not. They cover more topics in the subjects fom Y7-9 and teach quickly in Y10-11 to cover the GCSE syllabus and, at the moment, that is not changing.
The secondary moderns really do not lose many pupils for Y9. There is no seamless move to a grammar for very many children becuase they do not want to go! It is utterly wrong to think that hundreds of dissatisfied parents are queing up to move their children into a grammar school at 12, 13 or 14. It is simply not the case. The children make friends, enoy their school, make good progress and can do well and go to university. Many parents consider that going to the grammar will mean their child is bottom of that particular heap - and they do not want that! I know parents who are university lecturers, teachers, Charity executives, Accountants and other well educated professionals whose children go to secondary moderns and none of these children have transferred elsewhere when clearly capable of going to a grammar school and obtained A*s at the schools they were at, at A level.
What is evident though, is the pecking order of secondary modern schools and the huge number of appeals against allocations to the "wrong" ones. Being in the right area is not down to house prices either. Waddesdon is much cheaper than Beaconsfield but guess which has the best secondary?
There is, today, news of a Kent school (not sure which one) applying to be a grammar.