My ex expected decent birthday gifts, while barely putting any effort into mine. Same for Xmas. Valentine's day was met with "it's materialistic nonsense, we don't do that". Mother's day was hit or miss. At least I got a card that nursery or school helped them to make, he wouldn't bother helping them.
He knew I liked marking birthdays, etc, and I got very little to even mark milestone birthdays.
He "didn't do cards" either , couldn't even make the effort for that, so some years I got nothing. Then in the years he actually remembered, I was clearly expected to gush amazingly about a £10 CD or similar. While he carried on expecting, telling, me what I was supposed to get for him.
One of many reasons he's an ex.
OP, take a good hard look at your relationship. You say he's your fiancé, do you actually have a date set? Because he doesn't sound all that great and loving to me.
Enjoying all the stuff you got him, even talking about it to your friends, while he did nothing to mark your birthday is a shitty thing for him to do, and I wouldn't buy that he "forgot" or "didn't realise it mattered" to you. That you did for him is enough to have alerted him to the fact that this sort of thing matters to you, you've been together long enough. Especially as you say he knows your backstory, about not getting much as a child.
So talk to him, tell him it matters, and tell him to make it up to you soon.