He doesn't have to out effort in does he because you're doing it all for him.
He doesn't have any impetus to take responsibility for his issues while you are in the parental role, giving the level of care that you do. You're like the too good mother who does everything for her son rather than sitting back to ensure he takes responsibility for himself.
I don't think it's possible to say what issues causes what. It could be that the control and anger issues cause the anxiety as much as the other way round. All you can really be sure is that they coexist in a dysfunctional bubble.
I think it's good to step back and I would also suggest you do some work on yourself instead of him for a while.
First of all I think you need stop thinking in terms of 'If these issues could be fixed'. Because they may never be fixed, they may not be fixable.
Anxiety in itself isn't that hard to treat, but it takes total long term commitment. Anxiety in conjunction with other issues, however, is more complex and intractable. If he does have Asperger's then he will definitely have these problems for life.
I think you need to give up the idea of some distant future when these problems cease, because it's an illusion keeping you trapped in an unsatisfactory situation. I think you need to consider deeply if this relationship meets your needs, because it seems a very unequal one.
I would look up codependency with regard to being a "fixer", "rescuer", "caregiver" type. I think you might recognise some of the behaviour pattern. Here's a sample:
In many ways, codependency is a dysfunctional relationship with "oneself". "Caregivers" get their sense of worth from people and things outside of themselves. They do this by seeking the approval of others, by attending to the needs of others, by ignoring their own needs, and by getting into relationships with people who they see as in need of being taken care of, rescued, or "fixed". Caregivers constantly live with a powerful compulsion to give to others that which they never received themselves.
Typically, caregivers give of themselves much more than their partners give back to them. As generous dance partners, they seem to be stuck on the dance floor, always waiting for the next song, at which time they naively hope that their narcissistic partner will finally understand their needs.
Caregivers confuse caretaking and sacrifice with loyalty and love. Although they are proud of their unwavering dedication to the person they love, they end up feeling unappreciated and used. They yearn to be loved, but because of their choice of partner, find their dreams unrealized. With the heartbreak of unfulfilled dreams, they silently swallow their unhappiness.
Codependents are essentially stuck in a pattern of giving and sacrificing, without the possibility of ever receiving the same from their partner. They pretend to enjoy the dance, but really harbor feelings of anger and sadness for not taking an active role in their dance experience.