Susan of course they're not all ready. But we'll never know who's ready and who's not if the whole of society just assume that all under 5s aren't ready to learn literacy and so never give them the opportunity to try.
I wasn't sitting down giving mine lessons! There was nothing planned or organised about it. It just featured in every day language. My first is a total brain box and was reading well before reception, but she is obviously an exception. My 2nd is bright, but no more so than most kids his age. He learns phonics at nursery andin the last 6 months has really started to click with it. This means that come September he'll be ready to start blending confidently and cracking on with reading sentences. As will most of the other children in his class who have been attending the same phonics-teaching nursery. This innocuous 'early' start will give these children an advantage that will very possibly show the whole of their whole schooling life.
teacher the situations and people you talk about are of course, dreadful. The causes of, and solutions to, their problems are obviously much more complex than when to introduce phonics. But the article linked to from the beginning of this thread talked about half of British families. The article talks about the long-lasting damage done by average, middle of the road families with average, middle of the road children not giving their young pre-school children the opportunity to learn at their full potential.