Just help your child develop a love of books and reading and they will be fine.
I'm arfraid that there are an awful lot of parents around who have tried to do just that and are mystified as to why their children can't read very well (if at all). That's nice advice if you can rely on your child's school teaching good phonics, but I'd be very worried if my child were at your school...
Teaching children letter/sound correspondences and how to use this knowledge to read and write words has been around for an awfully long time; the first reference I know of to 'synthetic phonics' is in a manual of reading instruction published in the late 19th century. As others have pointed out, synthetic phonics didn't start in 2005.
the Phonics Check is only a 'rigorous test' if teachers turn it into one. Children don't have to be stressed about it at all. all they have to do is read a few real words & nonsense words. Should be pretty standard fare, really.
test is really hard for children as lots of them try to make the nonsense word make sense (so fop might be read as for) as they want to 'get it right'.
I suspect that your school concentrates on 'making meaning' and marginalises the importance of accurate decoding.
and often more able children don't use phonics to read, they use different strategies
Would that be because they have been taught 'other strategies?
Funnnily enough, reading researchers have found that phonics is the prime word identification strategy used by skilled readers; it's the poor readers who are wildly searching for 'other clues' in unfamiliar text.
Also lots of words are simple not decidable using phonics and children come to rely on this as their only method as that is the way schools teach.
Oh dear...