For those of you who want a better perspective on the debt and deficit problem:
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UK National Debt
The UK national debt is the total amount of money the British government owes to the private sector and other purchasers of UK gilts.
UK public sector net debt was £920.9 billion (equivalent to 60.6 per cent of GDP of National GDP) ? (note this excludes financial sector intervention.)
Source: Office National Statistics [1] (page updated July 18th, 2011)
If all financial sector intervention is included (e.g. Royal Bank of Scotland, Lloyds) , the Net debt was £2252.9 billion or 148.9% per cent. This is known as the unadjusted measure of public sector net debt.
The Public sector net borrowing PSNB (annual government borrowing) for 2010/11 was £143.2 billion or 11.7% of GDP.
The equivalent OBR forecast for 2011/12 is £122 billion.
After a period of financial restraint, National debt at a % of GDP fell to 29% of GDP by 2002. Then, national debt as a % of GDP increased from 30% in 2002 to 37 % in 2007. This was despite the long period of economic expansion. It was primarily due to the governments decision to increase spending on health and education. There has also been a marked rise in social security spending.
Since 2008, National Debt has increased sharply because of:
Economics Recession (lower tax receipts, higher spending on unemployment benefits)
In particular, tax receipts from stamp duty and income tax were badly hit by recession.
Financial bailout of Northern Rock, RBS, Lloyds and other banks.
Although 60% of GDP is a lot it is worth bearing in mind, that other countries have a much bigger problem. Japan for example have a National debt of 194%, Italy is over 100%. The US national debt is close to 71% of GDP. [See other countries Debt]. Also the UK has had much higher National Debt. e.g. after the second world war it was over 180% of GDP.
Cost of National Debt
The cost of National debt is the interest the government has to pay on the bonds and gilts it sells. In the first six months of 2010, the debt interest payments were £21.6bn, suggesting an annual cost of around £43bn (3% of GDP)
Future of National Debt
It is estimated National debt will could rise close to 100% of GDP by 2012. It is way above the government?s sustainable investment rule of 40% maximum.
However, the debt situation can be improved through:
Economic Expansion which improves Tax Revenues and reduces spending on benefits like Job Seekers Allowance
Improved performance of banks increases prospect of regaining financial sector intervention
Government Spending cuts and tax rises (e.g. VAT) which improve public finances.
However, there is also a danger spending cuts could reduce economic growth and therefore hamper attempts to improve tax revenues.
www.economicshelp.org/blog/uk-economy/uk-national-debt/