Oh Zideq, how I wish I could bring you into my home, make you a (pretty darn good, I must say) coffee and talk properly about all this! 
So...western culture matters because reading is a two way process. We bring our assumptions, experiences, beliefs, values etc to the text as we read.This is true of all reading. What we notice in a text, what questions we think are the best ones to put to the text, say as much about us as readers as they do about the text - more so in some cases.
That you want 'scientific' factuality from the Bible says more about you than it does about the Bible, because as I said, you are conditioned socially to value a certain reading strategy. One that, I feel, misses the point of the Bible entirely. It's like saying that violins are useless because you can't cook your dinner on them.
As for your wiki links...Q, yup, no problem. Markan Priority, yup, no problem. Bernstein needs v. careful handling - who else have you read? Have you done any reading of the dating of the Psalms? (Not Wiki!!!) Have you read much about the Documentary Hypothesis? If so, do you accept any of the arguments against it?