Hi OP,
Your post really resonated with me. My DD was like you describe, honestly - it was terrible to be honest. She's now 3 years 9 months and at times is still incredibly hard work, she can just talk now so makes it easier for us to understand what's going on for her.
When she was about 9 months I phoned the HV, and said something along the lines of "this baby cries ALLL the time, can you come and see her?" The HV said "sometimes it feels like they cry a lot but in reality it isn't that bad."
She stayed 3 hours that day, after about an hour and a half concluded that DD, was in fact, miserable as fuck.
I remember her saying "Some babies just really don't like being babies, she'll get better as she grows."
I sat there like "Yes, thank you for that you waste of space" but she was of course right. As DD gained more independence she has become better and better. She is still very challenging and wilful but we've got to know her I guess and judge her moods and help her calm.
I would suggest breaking up the routine, just go to clubs or whatever to talk to other parents, they honestly won't care she's whining. Make sure she's napping enough, and find time for yourself. I took up running when DD was 1! If she'd been my first, she'd have been my last.
Good luck, you'll get there!