'In fact, the implication is, if your baby is well fed and well rested during the day, they won't be up every hour every night looking for the breast and yelling if they don't get it.'
This implication is a fallacy in a lot of cases. The idea that you can do things right is also a fallacy. Every baby is completely different. There is no one right way, and no wrong way.
(She used to advocate cc, or cio.)
Ideally, breastfeeding should be on demand, and generally, babies will settle into their own feeding routine. However, and this is something parents are not aware of when making the bf decision, breastfeeding generally means a baby who will want to feed more frequently than a bottlefed baby, daily and nightly. There will usually be more wakefulness and it will go on for months. The GF method tends to assume that the behaviour and sleeping patterns of a bottlefed baby will be possible for a breastfed baby.
Nevertheless, waking every hour during the night would not be the experience of most breastfeeding babies and is not necessarily going to happen absent an effort to 'sleep train'. The suggestion that this is the alternative to sleep training is a good way off the mark.
MadeameChin -- the article says that most babies will settle into a routine of getting about 5 hours of uninterrupted sleep a night, on average, by 3-5 months and will require no 'training' to get to this point. The point at which they get to this milestone is a function of biology and not training of the sort that GF advocates. The definition of 'sleeping through' in that article is sleeping for 5 uninterrupted hours.
Suggestions in the article to help babies develop longer nighttime sleep include keeping baby involved with you in daily activities and swaddling for sleep.
People have very unrealistic expectations of their baby's sleep. Older family members have anecdotes about babies who slept through the night from two weeks, 8 hours every night, etc., and four hour naps during the day, and are often very good at making new mothers feel like incompetent idiots by comparing how well they got on to how the struggling mothers are doing and using the word 'normal'. My exMIL boasted to me that she had never once got up in the night for a single one of her 7 children. The older BILs and SILs confirmed that for me. I think she fed them cough medicine in their bottles.
When parents post here about sleep problems at 5-6 months they are as likely to get advice here to go with the flow as they are to be advised to establish a routine.