That's a tough one for sure because it's not one you can just walk away from or take breaks from to get your sensory needs met.
If colleagues struggle to be blunt with you, can your management employ a red light green light system so you know when its ok to talk and when it's time to hold back a bit.
I also like the social battery pins, because people can wear them on themselves and they act as their own red light green lights. Your colleagues might not like that they have an additional burden to remember to change their pins, but it is their responsibility to make sure that if they don't want to talk, they're doing so in a way that is non-combative and this is the perfect solution.
The problem you will have is if people talk amongst themselves but refuse to let you engage. That's workplace bullying, and you'd be best keeping a diary of what has happened, when it has happened, why others were allowed to do things when you have been told not to do it, and basically any examples of when you've been forced out.
Then you should raise a grievance, and remember that you have 3 months less 1 day from the original incident to make an application to an Employment Tribunal, because this could be disability related discrimination, and I would take advice from ACAS asap and explain this is what is happening, you talk a lot as a result of your neurotype, others seem to be allowed to talk, you get told to stop talking, you've asked for some direct communication and visual cues which your employer hasn't implemented, and nobody else is being told they have to follow these rules, just you. Your employer thinks it is instead reasonable to isolate you by reshuffling staff so that they don't have to tolerate you, which is not on by the way.
Whether or not you do take them to tribunal is your choice and it is a while away anyway, and not a choice you have to make right now, but it sounds rather miserable working for an employer that imposes rules on you that just don't seem to apply to others specifically because you have said you have a disability that means you often talk a lot as a way of seeking stimulation.
Personally, if it was me, I'd be trying to find a different job because the culture within a workplace is really hard to change, but I appreciate it's not that simple when the job you are doing is something you're passionate about and you do it well.
The reason this may constitute disability discrimination is hyperverbal communication is neurological and not behavioural, and while you are agreeing to work towards a common goal, they need to put reasonable adjustments in place to facilitate this and if they refuse to, then they're not being a lawful employer.
You are hyperverbal because:
It's how you regulate being under or overstimulated
It helps you process fast moving thoughts, you are not domineering a conversation, you are simply processing what is in your head
It soothes stress and anxiety by providing necessary dopamine
You are seeking connection. Humans are social creatures.
Put it forward to them, explain how it is making you feel, start making a diary of events, both positive and negative as well as meeting notes, remain factual in your notes, and see how it goes from there.