Ok, I'll do this in bursts. I have no attention span tonight, because we got our new dog!!!!!!
I'm glad you like the outdoors if you're planning on Medford. I really can't think of anything I'd want to do there, tbh. I mean, it is a nice small town, but I don't know anything about it I'd consider to be a "destination". Since you like hiking, maybe you'd consider the Oregon Caves? It is close to the Medford area. (I have to confess, I've never been there). There's some sort of hotel that's actually a tree house around the Oregon Caves, I think in a town called Cave Junction. People think that is cool. Again, I've never been there.
About 10 miles south of Medford is an even smaller town called Ashland. I like that much better than Medford. It's kind of, um, upscale hippy? It is famous for a Shakespeare theater company, and they put plays on throughout spring and summer. It has shopping, and much better restaurants than Medford does, and a really nice park in the middle of town.
About 30 minutes north of Medford is another small town called Grants Pass. That's actually where we lived when we were down there. Not much to do there, either, but there's a place called Hellgate jetboat excursions that takes you on a jetboat ride down the Rogue river. That's a lot of fun (to me at least) and they have options from 2 hour trips to all day trips to trips with dinner included. Grants Pass is also really small (but the biggest city in the whole county) and not much wow there either, but the best restaurant in the region, Summer Jo's is there.
Unless you want to do a lot of hiking, it really isn't going to take you very many days to see all that's there. I guess if you like wineries, there's a lot of them in the area, too, some of them are really pretty and have pretty good tasting menus. I'd do what Tad says and check out Bend. If you head up from Medford, there's a REALLY small town called Shady Cove where you can rent canoes and things and paddle around in the river, and you can check out Oregon's only national park, Crater Lake, which is really pretty. I'd definitely rather go to Bend than Medford if we didn't have family there. We love to go to Sunriver and golf, and Bend also has the High Desert Museum, and it has all the shopping cuteness of Ashland, and better restaurants. Lots of hiking, mountains, etc.
When were you planning on going? Medford and surrounding areas are really hot in summers. It starts to hit around 80F in April and from late June-September it is usually in the 90's daily, and it gets into the 100's about every 3rd day.