I divide time five ways: daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, annually.
Daily tasks: do a load of washing start to finish, stack/empty dishwasher, clean bathroom (I find a quick wipe down once a day is a lot easier in the long run), clear up any really messy area of the house, e.g. giving any areas that are a bit mucky a quick hoover.
Weekly tasks: I divide the house into five zones, and do one a day, with two days off at the weekend. DH pitches in on pain of death if he doesn't.
Monthly tasks: These fit into the weekly schedule. So, for example, I try to clean the insides of my kitchen cupboards once a month (I have drawers so they get a few crumbs in them). So I divide the kitchen into four, and do a quarter on the kitchen zone day each week.
Then I use the two days 'off' over the weekend to do the more occasional jobs:
Quarterly: things that need doing occasionally, like cleaning the inside of windows, cleaning the oven, get fitted in once a quarter.
Annually: I take one room a month and go through everything thoroughly, inside and out. This is enough to stop crap you aren't using building up, and once you have a storage system that works well for you, it doesn't take all that long to do.