I subscribe to Which? and there is an interesting article about insect repellants. It is more important than ever to avoid being bitten by mosquitoes as mosquito varieties that carry diseases such as zika and dengue are becoming established in some areas of Europe.
Dengue fever can currently be found in Croatia, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and Madeira.
Research shows you should use a repellent containing one (or more) of the four active ingredients that are scientifically proven to repel mosquitos: DEET, IR3535, icaridin or PMD (although IR3535 products should only be used in non-malaria areas).
All the Which? best buy mosquito repellants contain deet. These are the repellants that they recommend (in order):
Boots* *Repel Maximum DEET & PMD - contains 50% deet and 1% PMD
Asda Extra Strength Insect Repellent - contains 50% deet and 1% PMD
Superdrug Buzz Off Extra Strength Insect Repellent - contains 50% deet and 1% PMD
Jungle Formula Maximum - contains 50% deet and 1% PMD
Forclaz Decathlon Spray répulsif - conains Eucalyptus citriodora oil 10%
In the same article it lists insect repellants to steer clear of:
- Herbal extract bracelets. These typically contain strong-smelling oils such as citronella, lavender and peppermint, but they aren't supported by the science. When tested for their ability to deter mosquitos, bracelets containing herbal extracts made little difference. Don't rely on DEET bands or bracelets either, as these can only offer localised protection.
- Sonic mosquito repellers. These claim to drive mosquitoes away with high-frequency sound but, again, studies show that they don't work.
- Citronella. This is a popular choice but research shows that citronella's volatility means its repelling properties only last for a short time and there is insufficient information for it to be seen as a reliable repellent.
Avon's Skin So Soft Original Dry Oil Spray (£6.50 for 250ml at Avon) is another one that has made headlines in the past for its purported insect repelling abilities. It contains citronella, but it's not classed or proven as an insect repellent, and other ingredients have more solid science behind their protective abilities.
I have lifted most of this from the article.