To be frank, I'm not too sure which of those things happened in the case of Denise.
A couple of years ago, I spoke with a relative who was born a year after Denise and knew both Barbara and Denise while they were all at school.
He believed that they were sisters and was totally astounded when I mentioned to him that that Barbara was actually the aunt of Denise rather than her sister.
So, it certainly didn't go outside of the immediate family.
There's another thread on here at the moment about going down a black hole when you notice something about your ancestors:
https://www.mumsnet.com/talk/genealogy/5448850-what-made-you-fall-into-a-black-hole-when-finding-out-about-your-ancestors
Please ignore all of the below unless you have an interest in the history of Gloucester schools! It was a black hole that I fell down.
This relative mentioned the two secondary schools that Barbara and Denise went to. This was back in the late 1950s/ early 1960s. Back then there were grammar schools, secondary moderns and a very small number of secondary technical schools.
Secondary technical schools were supposed to teach technical skills, similar to being an apprentice. They largely died out but some elements did carry on.
I went to an ex-secondary modern and we were the first cohort not to take the 11 plus in our county and the first to go to a comprehensive school.
The school was in a very mixed area in what was then a "New Town" (although it was always a city). It was set up very much to offer practical skills as much as academic skills. There were classrooms full of typewriters, ovens for cookery, lathes and drills for woodwork and metalwork and even, I remember, pouring molten metal into sand casts.
Certainly, everybody was required to do metalwork and woodwork; cookery and needlework in the first to third years (year 7 to 9 nowadays). However, my attempts at both a wooden aeroplane and a stuffed soft toy were equally terrible.
In later years there was the option of also doing typing and technical drawing.
Denise attended one of these schools, the Girls' Central School, Derby Road, Gloucester. In 1974 it was reorganised as a grammar school, and renamed Colwell School for Girls. The school closed in 1988.
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Barbara attended a secondary modern named the Winifred Cullis Girls School that opened in 1957. It was named for Professor Winifred Cullis CBE who had died the year before.
This is where I ended up going down a black hole.
Winifred Cullis (1875-1956) seems to have been a quite exceptional woman. She was the first ever woman professor at a medical school and only the second ever woman professor in the UK.
Born in Gloucester in 1875, she got a scholarship to Newnham College, Cambridge in 1896 where she studied Natural Sciences.
She took her exams in 1899 and 1900. Although, back then, Cambridge did not award degrees to women. So Winifred had a certificate from Newnham rather than a degree from Cambridge.
Winifred then began her scientific career in 1901, as an assistant in the research laboratory of the Royal College of Surgeons and the Royal College of Physicians.
Later that year she became a demonstrator in physiology at the London School of Medicine for Women (LSMW), the first woman to hold such a post. The LSMW was closely associated with the Royal Free Hospital.
She remained at the LSMW/Royal Free for most of her working life, working as co-lecturer, lecturer, reader, and (from 1919) professor; she was the second woman in Britain to be made a professor, and the first to achieve this position in a medical school (the first was Edith Morley, made Professor of English at Reading in 1908).
In 1915, she became one of the first women to be elected to the Physiological Society. She wrote talks for the BBC Schools Programme, and her 1949 school textbook, Your Body and the Way it Works, was the first to discuss growth, reproduction, and heredity.
She also travelled widely. In 1917 she was acting professor of physiology at the University of Toronto and in 1918 gave a memorial lecture at Vassar College. She also delivered lectures on physiology and health to troops in Gibraltar and Malta after World War One, and in China, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the USA, and the Middle East during World War Two.
She was head of the women's section of the British Information Services to the United States from 1941 to 1943 and then travelled throughout the Middle East in 1944-45. She travelled over 10,000 miles in her late 60s during the war years giving lectures.
Winifred died suddenly on 13 November 1956 at the age of 81.
There is a blue plaque commemorating her life on a building that was formerly part of the Royal Free Hospital.
The photo was taken when she was 65, the portrait was from when she was 64.
I don't really know what it says about me, but when I was tracing an unusual aunt/niece realtionship I totally got distracted by this name and fell down a black hole of finding out who she was.