DS looking at mid tier unis and am trying to get my head round app process, especially the discrepancy on the ucas site between entry requirements and average grades accepted. He is looking at Leicester, Surrey, UEA etc and quite big gaps.
They want the best students but also need to fill the places to keep course economically viable - so some uni and departments some years will drop the grades a lot a from published grades others don't.
It's a poor system as you have to apply with grades you don't yet have but be both realistic and not too conservative with five you apply to and happy with first and conditional offers you accept.
They said on Swansea open day there is some flexiblity with grades - and they do have an integrated foundation course - other treat foundation courses as something to apply to sperately - Liverpool same department - and others it's not really part of the undergraduate course and othter still if you miss the grades they'll offer a place on foundation year - but it's another years of costs.
DD1 they did interviews and dropped their entry requirments a lot for her mostly as she'd super impressed them -DS got a grade lower offer which he hit as he was doing 4 A-levels but not all uni and courses do that - we've asked for DD2 and it's mixed. DH department don't interviews if and how much they drop depends on the grades of the who applied that year.
How they decide the predicted grades will depend on the school. We're in Wales and found AS level results very accurate but the predicted grades are often higher and wrong.