10k time 48:49 what could I achieve with focused training?

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Do some HIIT and sprint training, that'll help bring it down, and will be better for your knees than loads of runs at 51.

No advice, just respect. My pace is almost literally 2x yours.

Really hard to say without knowing your history and how long you've been running at that level.

If you've been training in the way you outline, and running sub 50 10ks for years without getting much faster, then tweaking your training isn't going to have as much effect as it would on someone who has come to that level fairly recently. It's therefore impossible to say if a sub 45 is realistic or not.

That said, IME it's the reps session that is going to improve your times the most, so I would make sure that's the session that isn't dropped. I would focus on short, hard, reps (say 400m) to really push that sharp end of your running.

As you'll be well aware, the gains are much harder when you get faster. I went from a 60 min 10k to a 50 min one very easily; getting sub 45 was a bit harder; and sub 40 now feels impossible!

What are you aiming for? That’s a very good time. Tbh just focus on speed work - so turn one of your 7 mile runs into a temp run/intervals instead.

For strength training - try doing a one minute plank before bed or when you first wake up. Some squats when you brush your teeth. Lunges while you wait for a kettle to boil.

That’s very good!
Not trying to piss on your chips… but I haven’t really got faster in the last 7 years regardless of what training i’ve done
The serious fast people I know do insane sessions… 3x5k, 10x1 mile etc… I’ve no inclination to do that.
I think you might see a bit of improvement but as you already have a structured programme with the three pillars - long, session, tempo, you might not drink groundbreaking improvements

I'm at a similar level, in that in the last couple of years I've just started winning age cat prizes in local races. The key for me was specific training, as general "just run more" doesn't work at that level, as it does when you're starting out.

A few years ago, when I was a new runner, I could up my mileage and get quicker over all distances. But that doesn't work any more - in fact the opposite. Marathon training tends to make me slower!

If it's a 10k you're training for, you need strength work and speed sessions, with lots of short hard reps.

I think the speed work session (so intervals etc) is the most important so don’t drop this one if you’re short on time, drop one of the others.

What’s your 5k park run time?

What’s worked for me is slowing down on long runs and easy runs. Then pushing it in the spped work. So intervals, hill training, tempo runs.
But I’m very strict with the 80:20 rule. So 80% easy 20% hard.

Could the park run every week be having a detrimental effect? I wouldn’t be able to race 5k every week.

I do think gains are hard when you get faster too.

A few years ago I really struggled to break 50 min for 10k but once I did and believed I could run faster my times came tumbling down. At the time I increased the distance of long runs, went to track (intervals ) and parkrun religiously every week. Within 2 years my 10k went from 49 min to 42 min.
I don't think I could do that now because I don't do the track/speed sessions anymore. (And I was single so I could be more focussed and selfish with my training !)

My dh (very fast 10k runner!) says ditch Park run! Do reps

Agree with ditching parkrun in favour of reps, hills ie the running that will make you stronger so that you can dig in when you need to.

Joining a club for intervals will help massively.