A Mini part's incredible journey shows how Brexit will hit the UK car industry
https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/mar/03/brexit-uk-car-industry-mini-britain-eu
“one anecdote that succinctly sums up the problems that Brexit and the threat of tariffs pose to the UK car industry, it is this: the story behind the crankshaft used in the BMW Mini, which crosses the Channel 3 times in a 2,000-mile journey before the finished car rolls off the production line.
A cast of the raw crankshaft – the part of the car that translates the movement of the pistons into the rotational motion required to move the vehicle – is made by a supplier based in France.
From there it is shipped to BMW’s Hams Hall plant in Warwickshire, where it is drilled and milled into shape.
When that job is complete, each crankshaft is then sent back across the Channel to Munich, where it inserted into the engine.
From Munich, it is back to the Mini plant in Oxford, where the engine is then “married” with the car.
If the car is to be sold on the continent then the crankshaft, inside the finished motor, will cross the Channel for a fourth time.”
“Another well-travelled car part is the Bentley bumper.
It is made in eastern Europe before being sent to Crewe for further work, then on to Germany for finishing and finally back to Crewe where it is added to the luxury vehicle.”
“on average, just 41% of the parts used in a car assembled in the UK are actually produced in the country”
Nissan warned that “the future of the Sunderland plant will be at risk if the government does not provide £100m towards building the supply chain in Britain.”
Bosses in the automotive industry are not just concerned about the impact of tariffs on vehicles made in the UK that are sold abroad, but on the parts used to make them, and whether they will still be able to move parts across the Channel quickly and affordably
Most car plants in Britain operate with what is known as “just-in-time” (JIT) production, in which components are added straight to the car when they arrive at the factory rather than being stored in a warehouse.
The system dramatically improves the productivity of the plant – but any interruption to supply can bring production to an immediate halt.”