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Many very sick COVID-19 patients, like some in this Brazilian intensive care unit, have obesity. GUSTAVO BASSO/NURPHOTO/GETTY IMAGES
Why COVID-19 is more deadly in people with obesity—even if they’re young
By Meredith WadmanSep. 8, 2020 , 6:00 PM
Science’s COVID-19 reporting is supported by the Pulitzer Center and the Heising-Simons Foundation.
This spring, after days of flulike symptoms and fever, a man arrived at the emergency room at the University of Vermont Medical Center. He was young—in his late 30s—and adored his wife and small children. And he had been healthy, logging endless hours running his own small business, except for one thing: He had severe obesity. Now, he had tested positive for COVID-19 and was increasingly short of breath.
He was admitted directly to the intensive care unit (ICU) and was on a ventilator within hours. Two weeks later, he died.
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“He was a young, healthy, hardworking guy,” recalls MaryEllen Antkowiak, a pulmonary critical care physician who is medical director of the hospital’s ICU. “His major risk factor for getting this sick was obesity.”
Since the pandemic began, dozens of studies have reported that many of the sickest COVID-19 patients have been people with obesity. In recent weeks, that link has come into sharper focus as large new population studies have cemented the association and demonstrated that even people who are merely overweight are at higher risk. For example, in the first metaanalysis of its kind, published on 26 August in Obesity Reviews, an international team of researchers pooled data from scores of peer-reviewed papers capturing 399,000 patients. They found that people with obesity who contracted SARS-CoV-2 were 113% more likely than people of healthy weight to land in the hospital, 74% more likely to be admitted to an ICU, and 48% more likely to die.
The professions you mention are not all as impacted as first anticipated. For example, taxi and bus drivers have been greater impacted than teschers, apparently.
There will with any qualifying factors always be a line that is drawn which means some qualify and some don't.