I don't know why people are reacting so scornfully.
Lessons will need to be learnt and some are being discussed
One problem that was already obvious before this outbreak was the need to break dependence on China for medicine and drug manufacturing. CV will hammer home how necessary that is. Hearing health ministers today say that drugs have not yet started to run out is evidence of that.
It's a question that the EU were already looking at and will now examine more urgently. Leaving the UK out, though, as requested.
Perhaps authorities will begin to realise that the current short-sighted, project-based approach to research funding is a bad idea: work was being done on coronaviruses after SARS but, in the absence of a new outbreak, interest dwindled and lots of funding applications by teams working on coronaviruses were turned down. Regular funding of primary research needs to be provided as it used to be, so there can be ongoing work into viruses like these, not urgent races to find a vaccine when people start dying in a mass outbreak.
In my profession, people are slowly catching on that a lot of meetings where people catch planes to be in one place could easily be held via videoconference and there is therefore a tiny glimmer of hope that such useless air travel (and expense) will become less common. And maybe more people will reconsider how often they fly and make a dent in the trend that's been growing since low cost flying became a thing.
Trump's criminally irresponsible reaction to CV might just filter through over the coming weeks among some US voters (those capable of dismissing his crap about it being a plot to oust him) as the extent of the damage caused becomes clear. Maybe some might reconsider voting him in again. I'm not optimistic, but if it happened, the world as we have known it over the last 5 years, and which has meant watching open-mouthed as the US checks and balances and fundamental principles began being toppled one by one, might be a little different.
Which is what I understood the OP to mean, rather than that the world would end.
But it's the long-term economic fallout that will probably have the greatest effect.