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All of you who CHOOSE not to vaccinate your children

659 replies

UniqueAndAmazing · 13/04/2013 10:34

Do you realise that's the reason why there's now an epidemic of measles in Wales?

You know children with auto-immune problems, children with cancers, children with allergies that mean they can't be medicated, children who react badly to drugs?
You know them? They're suffering because of you not wanting to vaccinate your child.

You have no medical reason for not vaccinating, but plenty of reasons TO vaccinate.

You are causing a whole generation of children to be endangered from a preventable disease.

Measles can be fatal
(that means it can kill )

OP posts:
Are your children’s vaccines up to date?
PigletJohn · 12/05/2013 16:37

I am aware of the derivation of the word vaccine.

So you are confirming that when you wrote (or pasted)

3. Smallpox pus rubbed into each incision

you meant smallpox and you didn't mean cow-pox.

That's an interesting view.

Let me hear your debating reasons for saying that the extermination of smallpox has not been of overwhelming benefit to mankind.

ballbearing1 · 12/05/2013 20:10

Sorry, i wasn't being patronising regarding the derivation of the word vaccine, it was just part of the lifted quote.. and yes i apologise, the vaccine is for small pox but I think it probably was cowpox that was rubbed into the wounds.
The point I was making was just how unhygienic and primitive the original method was prompted by this comment: "If you believe the nonsense peddled by anti vaccine mob, you're not just rejecting vaccines, you should reject most of medical science since Jenner, because its premised on the same thing, testing hypothesis."
I don't reject most of medical science since Jenner and questioning the efficacy of vaccines does not mean one is throwing out all valid science since then.
With regards to the 'eradication' of smallpox. It is debatable as to whether or not what we know call 'monkeypox' is in fact smallpox, ie it hasn't been eradicated. And it is also unproven that the vaccination program had any impact on smallpox deaths.

"The town of Leicester rejected vaccination in favour of sanitation. Her experience during the past fifty years makes nonsense of the claims of the pro-vaccinists. When her population was thoroughly vaccinated she suffered severely from smallpox. As vaccination declined to one per cent of the infants born, smallpox disappeared altogether."---- Lilly Loat [Book 1951] The Truth About Vaccination and Immunization

PigletJohn · 12/05/2013 20:18

And it is also unproven that the vaccination program had any impact on smallpox deaths

The reverse is true.

ballbearing1 · 12/05/2013 21:03

Do you mean it is proven? We can agree to disagree on that.

PigletJohn · 12/05/2013 21:17

I mean

Nothing else has been proven to do it

Nobody has proven that vaccination didn't do it.

Do you think you can?

OrbisNonSufficit · 12/05/2013 21:37

The definitive history of smallpox. Eradication was not due to improved hygiene... a) Poor hygiene is not how smallpox is transmitted, it's not the plague, and b) many places in the world still have poor hygiene, yet no smallpox.

ballbearing1 · 12/05/2013 22:48

More baseless nonsense.. The CDC themselves have "Environmental Sanitation" down as a mortality risk factor. Strangely enough The Plague isn't the only disease exacerbated by poor sanitation.

coorong · 12/05/2013 23:14

Ball bearing

Sanitation is important, but so is sanity. If sanitation is the key, why has smallpox been wiped out? Even in your so called third world countries. And forget your monkey small pox business, there are hundreds of related viruses, but that ain't smallpox.

Malaria is an entirely different disease. It is the infection by the plasmodium parasite spread by Mosquitos.. Sanitation makes no difference, unless you count widespread use of insecticides to spray standing water to destroy the larvae. Even then, the best protection is avoiding getting bitten, again, that's not sanitation, that's mosquito nets. You see, very rich people travelling to those executive villas in Africa still get malaria. There is no vaccine, (that's what Bill,Gates is working on).

But tell me, would you honestly object to a vaccine against what's the biggest killer of babies on earth - a vaccine against malaria. And do not insult the millions of submsaharans by saying its their diet.

Read your science text books - you'll find that immunity is a medical not dietary condition.

OrbisNonSufficit · 12/05/2013 23:29

Wow, that was quick ballbearing. You read the whole book in my link in a little over an hour in order to dismiss it out of hand. Impressive reading speed...

ballbearing1 · 13/05/2013 00:52

orbis.. i'm a slow reader.. i was just responding to your dismissal of sanitation and improved hygiene as a key factor in the spread of disease. I understand that the mainstream view of smallpox eradication cites vaccination as key and I don't trust anything written by WHO or any UN agency. I lived in a mud hut in The Sudan for 5 years with refugees and know what a bunch of self satisfied, self serving, pompous *&^%s they are.
Coorong.. I appreciate your gentle tone after what may have been interpreted as a rather inflammatory response to your earlier post. But I stand by my assertion that it is impossible and foolhardy to attempt to separate what is 'medical' from what is 'dietary'. We are, as the old phrase goes, what we eat. And I think that I am on safe ground when I say that most diseases that children are vaccinated against will not pose a significant threat if that child is in good health and has a strong immune system. I know you disagree.
I'm simply not convinced by the 'science' of vaccination. So I would much rather see an eradication of poverty and the widespread availabilty of antibiotics. But of course if it was proven to be effective and 100% safe then of course that wouldn't be a bad thing. BTW it's not an insult to blame ill health on imposed poverty and circumstances beyond your control.
Anyway, we may disagree but we all want the same thing, the best health for everyone so I'm off to bed..

bobbyperu · 16/05/2013 08:35

^Do you realise that's the reason why there's now an epidemic of measles in Wales?
You know children with auto-immune problems, children with cancers, children with allergies that mean they can't be medicated, children who react badly to drugs?
You know them? They're suffering because of you not wanting to vaccinate your child.
You have no medical reason for not vaccinating, but plenty of reasons TO vaccinate.
You are causing a whole generation of children to be endangered from a preventable disease.
Measles can be fatal
(that means it can kill )^

Hi uniqueandamazing. I'm sorry, but you are woefully misinformed. You think you are stating facts but actually you are taking several large leaps of faith in what you say. I know you're scared for your kids and we are all scared of disease. But in screaming your questionable opinion (for that's all it is) in such an aggressive way, you appear as nothing more than a useful idiot propagating the myths trotted out by the vaccine industry. Now before you light your lantern, sharpen your pitchfork and go out hunting normal children (ie who have not been injected with dangerous toxins), let me make a few points to illustrate my claims:

  1. A. It is questionable whether there is an 'epidemic' in Wales. Study the figures carefully. Once doctors have been told that there is a suspected outbreak of a reportable disease like measles, they have to report any possible case. They always err on the side of caution here, so as not to lose their licenses. So there are many more reported cases than actual proven cases. It is the reported numbers which are seized upon by the media because they make a better story. B. It is nonsense to claim that unvaccinated children have caused the cases in Wales or cause suffering to children who can't be medicated. Even the manufacturers of vaccines admit two things. One is that their products do not provide a guaranteed level of protection. The other is that strains of disease including measles are continually evolving and their vaccines cannot protect against all strains.
  2. Actually, there are many sound reasons not to vaccinate. If you bother to look, you will find them from sources that you will trust, not just from crazy, selfish anti-vax types. Look up the US government's HRSA site, for example, to see that billions of dollars of US government money has been paid out as compensation to parents of children who, the government and the pharma companies admit, have been injured or killed by vaccines. And these are just the ones who can prove direct and immediate damage despite the well-funded attempts of the pharma companies to trip them up. Note that in addition to all the known injuries, there is a long list of alleged injuries where the pharma companies and the US government admit they cannot disprove cause and effect. In other words, there are known risks, and there are possible risks. When considering the possible risks, you should bear in mind that our best scientists know very little about the human brain, and very little about cancer. They admit this. At the same time, we have begun, comparatively recently, injecting viruses (often grown on animal organs) and ingredients such as egg albumin, neomycin, streptomycin, baker?s yeast, gelatin and
thimerosal directly into the bloodstreams of young humans. Concurrently with the massive increase in this activity, a surge in cancers, behavioural disorders and gastro intestinal disorders has occurred. No links have been proven or disproved - you must take a leap of faith. If you want to know more about this, google the 60+ children who were paralysed for life by the polio vaccine just a view years ago, or the group of mothers dubbed 'little women' who have impressed the FDA with their research on HPV vaccine damage.
  1. A. No, unvaccinated children are not causing any such thing. You are still in danger if you are vaccinated, whether from the strain you are allegedly 'protected' against or from another strain. If you think the danger is reduced by being vaccinated because of what the manufacturers say, be careful. Recently Merck was sued by the US government after two of its employees blew the whistle on the dishonest science they used to exaggerate the claimed effectiveness of MMR. B. In fact, it is more likely that normal children will be endangered by vaccinated children. Look up the numbers of healthy children who have been paralysed by close contact with kids who have recently been vaccinated against polio (if you're interested, you can also research the DDT-polio link, the false claims of polio eradication by vaccine in the States in the 50's when actually it caused an epidemic, and the current 'eradication' in India which is actually causing a suspiciously similar disease, albeit conveniently renamed).
  2. Yes, it is possible that measles can kill. We all admit this. Thankfully, you have first to catch it, then you have to be very unlucky to die from it. Even if you believed the vaccine protected you, you would have to bear in mind that vaccines can also kill and injure, in return for an unguaranteed level of protection.

I am sure many mothers feel reassured by the notion that vaccines would not be allowed onto the market if they had not gone through a rigorous evaluation, including peer reviewed studies. Indeed, it's possible some sharp minded person will ask me to refer to some peer reviewed studies in order to validate my points. Well, don't allow mystical scientists and mystical peer review to do your thinking for you. The former editor of the British Medical Journal, Richard Smith (who knows something about peer review) is just one of many people who has pointed out the serious flaws in the system. His article is here:

jrs.sagepub.com/content/99/4/178.full

His conclusion is as follows:

So peer review is a flawed process, full of easily identified defects with little evidence that it works. Nevertheless, it is likely to remain central to science and journals because there is no obvious alternative, and scientists and editors have a continuing belief in peer review. How odd that science should be rooted in belief

In other words, you must take a leap of faith to believe that the system has not been abused in the many ways in which it is easy to do so.

I am sure many people also believe that however profit hungry the vaccine companies, they are surely kept in check by our systems of researchers, doctors, judges and the media. If so, I invite you to investigate the degree to which researchers and their university employers are funded by drugs companies, how 'positive' research can be cooked up and 'negative' research suppressed, how medical students and doctors are manipulated by drug company PR (see the 2005 UK Select Committee report on this, which states it is detrimental to best practice), and the links that the Murdochs, other media barons, judges and politicians have with the multi-billion dollar vaccine industry. At the very least, you will find strong evidence of conflict of interest, and you will need to take a leap of faith in order to believe that abuses do not take place. Study too the case of Andrew Wakefield, learn what he actually said about MMR, and read about the journalist and judge who crucified him, and their links to pharma.

Finally, I urge you to study criticisms of the 'herd immunity' theory, which is often used to stigmatise those who do not vaccinate as anti-social, and to try to compel them to use this profitable product. There are many robust criticisms of this heavily flawed theory.

I do not believe all people involved in the vaccine industry are evil conspirators. However, it is a very profitable market, and the drugs companies are some of the largest players on Wall Street. Many powerful interests are heavily invested in the vaccines. There are very strong incentives to exaggerate the efficacy of vaccines and underplay the risks, and very clear opportunities to do so. There are also great efforts made to compel vaccination and stifle objective debate on the subject, which ought to make you nervous. If they were indisputably marvellous, neither would be necessary.

If you decide to vaccinate, you take known and unknown risks in order to receive unknown levels of protection. You may also endanger normal children. If you want to take these decisions for your kids, fine. But know that you are taking a leap of faith, you cannot be sure that what you are doing is right. Do not stigmatise those who are not prepared to do this with their most precious assets.

bobbyperu · 17/05/2013 07:02

Read your science text books - you'll find that immunity is a medical not dietary condition

So, so wrong. Check your facts about measles and diet, particularly Vitamin A. Properly nourished children do not suffer adverse effects from catching measles and indeed receive better life immunity than if they had been vaccinated, with none of the associated risks. This is why right thinking parents like mine made us play with kids who had measles, mumps, chicken pox, etc. No money in this though.

See this, for example, from a pro vaccine website:

Several recent investigations have indicated that vitamin A treatment of children with measles in developing countries has been associated with reductions in morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) issued a joint statement recommending that vitamin A be administered to all children diagnosed with measles in communities where vitamin A deficiency (serum vitamin A

Ragusa · 17/05/2013 21:59

"Properly nourished children do not suffer adverse effects from catching measles". Well, that's a bit of sweeping statement. And also completely erroneous.

I believe that Big Pharma is pretty much Bad Pharma. I've read Ben Goldacre. Yet I am still convinced of the benefits of vaccination. Intellectually speaking, it is possible to keep more than one ball in the air at the same time, is it not?

How do you account for the outcome which befell my maternal aunt, whose mother 'right-thinkingly' exposed her to measles and then watched her daughter die from measles-related pneumonia? She was well-nourished, by all accounts.

bobbyperu · 18/05/2013 17:42

No, it's not completely erroneous. You can find peer reviewed research to prove it, if that provides comfort. You cannot find any to show that your maternal aunt was properly nourished, however.

Ragusa · 18/05/2013 17:54

Please provide links to the aforementioned peer reviewed studies that demonstrate that properly nourished children do not suffer complications from measles.

mikkii · 18/05/2013 18:02

My DD2 has not yet had her MMR. she is 2.5. When she was due to have her MMR she contracted pneumonia, this really knocked her for six and I didn't feel she was well enough to have the injection. I sent her to the GP recently to have her MMR but they decided that she was outstanding another vaccination (which they did not mention when I booked the MMR) which was more important. Then she had chickenpox.....

She will have her MMR, her siblings have both had it.

Regarding the claim that no child should be allowed to start nursery without all their vaccinations, DD2was only 3.5 months when she started at nursery, how could she have had it by then?

bobbyperu · 19/05/2013 07:50

Hi Ragusa. Well, if you believe in the WHO, you can find the following statement on their website at www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs286/en/ :

Severe complications from measles can be avoided though supportive care that ensures good nutrition, adequate fluid intake and treatment of dehydration with WHO-recommended oral rehydration solution. This solution replaces fluids and other essential elements that are lost through diarrhoea or vomiting. Antibiotics should be prescribed to treat eye and ear infections, and pneumonia

I will support my case with peer reviewed research if this provides further comfort. Please see below. However, before I do this, and though it will appear to undermine my own argument, let me explain why ?peer reviewed research? should not necessarily provide reassurance. I say this because often people trying to counter those who question vaccines portray us as unscientific and suggest ?peer reviewed research? supports vaccines but does not support questioning them.

First, there is the system itself. People imagine a robust and objective methodology which proves such research is superior to other evidence-based opinions. Richard Smith, who was editor of the BMJ for 13 years, knows a thing or two about it. I encourage you to read his article, here:

jrs.sagepub.com/content/99/4/178.full

If you don?t have time, some of his conclusions are as follows:

People have a great many fantasies about peer review, and one of the most powerful is that it is a highly objective, reliable, and consistent process?

?.So we have little evidence on the effectiveness of peer review, but we have considerable evidence on its defects. In addition to being poor at detecting gross defects and almost useless for detecting fraud it is slow, expensive, profligate of academic time, highly subjective, something of a lottery, prone to bias, and easily abused.

Nevertheless, it is likely to remain central to science and journals because there is no obvious alternative, and scientists and editors have a continuing belief in peer review. How odd that science should be rooted in belief.

There are many more well-informed articles and even peer reviewed studies (!) about this. What Smith doesn?t really get into (and others do) is the degree to which universities and researchers are funded by drug companies, and their power to destroy the careers of anyone who dares to question their products. He does however show that there is a strong bias against ?negative? research, (ie which shows that drugs do not work).

The other point I would make is this: Our best scientists readily admit we know comparatively little about the human brain. The same is true about how cancer works. They simply do not know how the relatively recent practice of injecting vaccine ingredients into the human bloodstream affects these or other areas. In societies where vaccine intake has increased markedly, so have certain cancers and behavioural disorders. Yes, I know correlation is not causation. But you should also know that our ability to research causation is limited, and the opportunities to debate or research it are being stifled, which ought to cause concern. The focus instead is on proving the positives of vaccination. And even here, the system of peer review lets us down. See for example the recent case of the US government suing Merck after two of its former employees blew the whistle on its fraudulent ?peer reviewed? studies, which exaggerated the efficacy of its MMR vaccine. Here?s a report by Forbes on this matter. I?m using Forbes purposely as it?s pro-vaccine and uses the case to argue for more vaccines (ie it?s not a nutty anti-vax site):
www.forbes.com/fdc/welcome_mjx.shtml

Another article which uses awful vaccine damage to argue for more vaccines is below. NBC argues that the fact that 69 healthy Nigerian children have been paralyzed by the Polio vaccine since 2005 is a clear case for why we need vaccines:

www.nbcnews.com/id/21149823/ns/health-infectious_diseases/t/polio-outbreak-sparked-vaccine-experts-say/

Note, you do not necessarily need peer reviewed research to tell you that these children have been paralyzed, or to help you make many other judgements for your children. As Richard Smith says, believing in peer review requires a leap of faith as it can so easily be abused. When you realise that it?s companies like Merck who have a vested interest in vaccines, your faith that it won?t be abused has to be very strong ? see not only above but also the Vioxx case, HPV vaccine injuries, etc for clear evidence that they lie. Unfortunately it is all too easy for Merck and conflicted interest people like Paul Offit (recently quoted by the BBC as an American ?measles expert? calling for mandatory vaccination in the UK, but also a multi millionaire vaccine patent owner and Merck consultant ? see his abstention on the matter of withdrawing a dangerous rotavirus vaccine, for example, for evidence of his moral compass) to dismiss those who question vaccines as conspiracy theorists, unscientific nutjobs, etc.

Anyway, I could continue about this, about the occasional influence of Big Pharma on WHO and other medical institutions, about the questionable claim that vaccines eradicated polio, etc, but on to nutrition and measles. I think MMR does provide some temporary resistance to some strains of measles for some kids. But all this vagueness in return for taking unknown risks doesn?t do it for me. I hate disease and I?m scared of it. But my opinion is that if I send my well-nourished, healthy daughter to play with a friend who has measles or chicken pox (for example), as all the previous generations of my family have done to get guaranteed immunity, I am doing better for her than if I have her vaccinated. This is because the MMR carries known and possible risks, and does not provide guaranteed protection. When she becomes pregnant later in life, I want to know she is definitely immune. Similarly for my son, I don?t want to take the risk of vaccination only for the ?immunity? to wane when he is an adult and when it is far more dangerous to get measles. I want him to be immune from this disease for life. Though both courses of action involve risks, I personally believe that if in our well-nourished communities we were all to do this, we would have much more chance of a herd immunity that actually works.

So here are some studies

These show that you are much more likely to be seriously affected by measles if you are malnourished, immunocompromised or pregnant

^ a b c d e f g Chen S.S.P. (October 3, 2011). Measles (Report). Medscape.

^ "Vitamin A".

Polonsky, J. A.; Ronsse, A.; Ciglenecki, I.; Rull, M.; Porten, K. (2013). "High levels of mortality, malnutrition, and measles, among recently-displaced Somali refugees in Dagahaley camp, Dadaab refugee camp complex, Kenya, 2011". Conflict and Health 7 (1): 1. doi:10.1186/1752-1505-7-1. PMC 3607918.PMID 23339463.

And this shows that it is better to have the disease when young:
^ Sabella, C. (2010). "Measles: Not just a childhood rash".Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 77 (3): 207?213.doi:10.3949/ccjm.77a.09123. PMID 20200172.

I am sure there must be many more but I am sure anyone who loves their kids will put the time in themselves. Actually, despite the risks of virus shedding that vaccinated kids present to my normal, healthy children, I still believe it is the absolute right of any parent to decide for themselves on vaccination, given the considerable ?unknowns?. And, following from this, I believe strongly that we shouldn?t stigmatise anyone for doing so. That is my problem with the OP.

Hugs to all your kids and may they be happy and healthy!
xxx

bobbyperu · 19/05/2013 07:59

Sorry, the links at the bottom didn't work. Look up wikipedia on measles. Yes, I know, don't trust wikipedia. But it's peer review you wanted, and the wikipedia entry cites plenty of it.

bobbyperu · 19/05/2013 08:13

It's here if you need it:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles

hannahbarbera · 20/05/2013 09:03

This quote from the World Health Organisation is interesting, thanks Bobby:
Severe complications from measles can be avoided though supportive care that ensures good nutrition, adequate fluid intake and treatment of dehydration with WHO-recommended oral rehydration solution. This solution replaces fluids and other essential elements that are lost through diarrhoea or vomiting. Antibiotics should be prescribed to treat eye and ear infections, and pneumonia

So it seems that if you get measles as a kid in the UK, you should be OK. In fact you should try to, as it will protect you from getting it as an adult (which is much more dangerous), better than a vaccine will. Seems our grandparents were right after all!

PigletJohn · 20/05/2013 09:10

Hanna

Just to check, you seem to be claiming that the WHO says there is no benefit in measles vaccination.

I don't believe you.

hannahbarbera · 20/05/2013 13:01

I doubt very much the WHO would say that. I think Bobby and others on this thread have made some interesting points though.

PigletJohn · 20/05/2013 20:56

so the downside of catching measles due to inadequate vaccination includes "dehydration...diarrhoea or vomiting...eye and ear infections, and pneumonia" which need to be treated as described.

sounds to me like a disease to be avoided.

bobbyperu · 21/05/2013 03:44

Piggy let's get one thing clear to begin with - no one thinks disease is pleasant. Now I'm not saying you're doing this, but there are some who try to portray those who question vaccines as somehow not concerned about disease. That is a lazy attempt at stigmatising people and it's not the case at all.
What you can see from the above thread is the following:

  1. Children can avoid the severe complications associated with measles by being well nourished before and during the disease, and properly tended to. WHO statements, peer-reviewed research and good old instinct tell us this (some may question which source is most reliable!)
  2. If you get measles as a child you will be immune for life.
  3. If instead you get vaccinated, you take all the risks of vaccine damage logged on the US government's HRSA site (for example). You also take risks which that same site states are not proven or disproved (because of lack of research, bias in research focus, and/or our relative lack of understanding of the human brain, cancers, etc).
  4. Even if you take the known and unknown risks highlighted in 3. above, you are not guaranteed immunity for life. Drug companies claimed this when vaccines first came out, but now they only claim '80%', '90%' depending on the number of 'boosters' you have - and no one really knows at what stage the immunity 'runs out' for different people. (You have to bear in mind also that even the current claims can be exaggerated by deceptive 'peer reviewed research', see the case of Merck being sued, above.)
  5. If you are vaccinated as a child then, you take risks. And then you still run a risk of catching measles as an adult, when it is indeed much more deadly. If you get measles as a child, it is not risk free either. But the risk of severe complications can be avoided (ask the WHO) and you'll be immune.

Now if you don't vaccinate or get the disease as a child, you will also be in peril as an adult, so I wouldn't recommend that. But as far as my own kids are concerned, I'll be making sure they get their childhood diseases as children, as my family always has done.

One very important point to leave you with though. I'm not saying anyone else should do this if they don't want to. I am all for freedom to think and choose for yourself. My only problem with the OP was that she was stigmatising those that do so. This plays into the hands of people like Dr Paul 'for profit' Offit, the American vaccine millionaire recently quoted by the BBC as stating we should have mandatory vaccination here as they do in the States. He stands to benefit directly if we ever do, but the BBC was too lazy/thick to point this out when bigging him up as an 'expert'.

PigletJohn · 21/05/2013 10:16

booby

Now I'm not saying you're doing this, but there are some who try to portray those who promote disease-prevention using vaccines as somehow not concerned about health, but playing into the hands of some shadowy conspiracy, and suggesting it is not a method of improving public health, but a ploy to put huge quantities of money into the pockets of ther rich. That is a lazy attempt at stigmatising people and it's not the case at all.

I just love your selective quoting from the World Health Organisation

looking at your link posted

bobbyperu Sun 19-May-13 07:50:11
www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs286/en/

Immediately prior to the words you cherry-picked, it says:

"Treatment
No specific antiviral treatment exists for measles virus."

The document begins:

"Key facts
Measles is one of the leading causes of death among young children even though a safe and cost-effective vaccine is available.
In 2011, there were 158 000 measles deaths globally ? about 430 deaths every day or 18 deaths every hour.
More than 95% of measles deaths occur in low-income countries with weak health infrastructures.
Measles vaccination resulted in a 71% drop in measles deaths between 2000 and 2011 worldwide.
In 2011, about 84% of the world's children received one dose of measles vaccine by their first birthday through routine health services ? up from 72% in 2000.

Measles is a highly contagious, serious disease caused by a virus. In 1980, before widespread vaccination, measles caused an estimated 2.6 million deaths each year.

It remains one of the leading causes of death among young children globally, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. Approximately 158 000 people died from measles in 2011 ? mostly children under the age of five.

Measles is caused by a virus in the paramyxovirus family. The measles virus normally grows in the cells that line the back of the throat and lungs. Measles is a human disease and is not known to occur in animals.

Accelerated immunization activities have had a major impact on reducing measles deaths. Since 2000, more than one billion children in high risk countries were vaccinated against the disease through mass vaccination campaigns ― about 225 million of them in 2011. Global measles deaths have decreased by 71% from an estimated 548 000 to 158 000."