All formula must be properly prepared, with clean hands & utensils on a clean workstation, and using the guidelines of their sterliser (don't forget the knife used to scrape the scoops which could also ave been used on raw meat or dog turds). Fridge must also be at 4C or lower in the same position as milk stored
Assuming the above (am I allowed to assume, given that I have made a statement of my assumptions ), in order of potential harm/illness to baby from least risk to highest risk. Remember this is my opinion. It belongs to me and is not actually based on any scientifically factual data I have about formula - but is driven by the fact that I do microbiology in a GLP environment every day:
Unopened carton of ready made (not sure how baby would drink it though )
Freshly opened carton served immediately in a freshly sterlisied bottle
Freshly made bottle of powdered formula, made according to guidlines (i.e.freshly boiled, >70C & freshly sterlisied bottle)
Bottle of water stored, heated to 70C to add formula immediately before serving
Open carton stored in fridge for up to 24hrs
Powdered formula stored in bottles, stored in fridge for up to 24hrs
prob equal with
water stored at RT and formula added at serving temperature.
When you look at it like that there are an awful lot of variables, so it is actually more or less a continuous scale of risk. I havn't even considered those who don't sterlise at all, there are threads on here promoting the fact that you don't actually need to sterilise.
You need to decide where on that risk scale you are comfortable sitting.
Inicidently I was at the bottom with all 3 of my DDs and 2 of tehm were prem. They are all 3 very healthy and we only had 1 serious bout of gasterenteritis whilst on formula and that was at the time that DTDs kindly brought the school bugs home so was probably unrelated to teh milk.