my son has tantrums like this, I have posted a few long posts about it before with some of the things we have found helped.
Once he (your ds or mine) gets angry, he has lost control. This isn't just something he can regain in a second or two, it is actually physical, the brain gets swamped with a certain chemicla that floods the part of the brain that is responsible for decision making.
This means that once he has lost his temper, he is unable to stop, until he calms down, and that can take up to an hour.
So we now do a few things. If we can see he has passed his point of no return, we send him to his room. He stays there until he is ready to talk about his behaviour calmly. We use his room because then it is his stuff he is trashing, not ours or his sisters.
We don't continue to impose sanctions, so there is one consequence for the whole temper incident. Otherwise we were trying to impose sanctions and they just kept building up and building up until he was banned from everything for the rest of his life! Now, one sanction for the whole incident even if it lasts a long time.
We have lots of issues over language (thanks to a lovely 5 year old girl in his previous school in a pretty village - she knew swear words I have never heard before!!) In order to stop the swearing and rude backchat, and also to stop things escalating, we have a few standard sanctions, which always apply.
So, swearing - you have to leave where rest of family is, as we don't want to hear it. (go to your room) you can only come out when WE say.
backchat - one chance to rephrase and apologise, otherwise same as swearing, and once he can apologise I often get him to rephrase what he was saying in an acceptable way (to teach him his opinion matters, but he must learn to express it in an acceptable way)
violence - he often hits/kicks etc his sister. This is zero tolerance. He looses whatever the argument was about (so if it was over a toy, she automaticaly gets the toy) we have tried lots of standard consequences for this, none have worked. Our current one is that you have to do a job for the family. The first weekend I introduced this, ds ended bagging up 5 big bin bags of leaves in the garden, one for each incident. it was a very positive consequence (he normally has to go and calm down first though before he can do the job)
It is such hard work having a kid with an explosive temper, My ds is often very charming, loving and affectionate. He feels things very deeply, which is actually a beautiful quality, but this is the flip side.
Persevere, above all, be consistent and (I know this is really hard) be calm, when we are calm and simply repeat calmly, you are swearing you need to go to your room' the situations do not escalate nearly so much.