What an interesting thread as I sit up with some insomnia at 4.00 a.m.
Thank you.
Can I add my 5p worth, please?
Time out isn't the same thing as the naughty step, in my humble opinion. It's time away from the situation, away from the child you have had a falling out with or whatever. There are times when DD was little where I sat with her on the step or wherever and we shared 'time out'. I found it does work in some situations and for some things and I would say it is different from the naughty step.
My own DD has done the gritted teeth 'sorry' hissed almost silently at another child or adult, I do find it hard at times but do feel it is appropriate for older children. For a younger child I might say 'show Bobby you are sorry, give him a hug' or whatever, if it was something the child could express and the other appreciate. Sorry is not a magic word that makes it all better, of course, and a hug that means sorry might just work!
Just saying the word - does it really mean they are sorry, no, but most kids are not pleased with a gift from great aunt gretta of a knitted sweater! It is manners and manners aren't really about lying (IMHO) they are about a form of speaking. In some languages it is not necessary to say 'please', English seems to have the most polite forms of any language I've heard! In order to operate well in English people need to understand how to use it, you get better service and things go smoother with manners!
Actually being sorry, that does take time and I do think it is worth cultivating in kids so when DD was little we did talk about how others felt etc. I think it is a real juggling act, like most parenting, between satisfying the injured child, the other parent and your child. BUT that is what life is about some of the time, working out the social rules of what is and is not acceptable etc.
Still struggling with my DD and her bahaviour!
I'd just say that none of this detracts from the love I feel for DD and sometimes it is working out how to convey dissaporval and love at the same time that is the real jugling act! Good luck OP.