They are all in the family of Altaic languages. I gave Japanese as example because more people are familiar with how it sounds
I've been to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan for business in early 1990s, when they were opening up their markets through privatizations. Didn't understand a word they were saying - both because mostly they were speaking Russian, and also because I didn't understand their own language.
Also went to Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan, and there, they were speaking Turkish with funny (to me) accents and some very strange words.
Absurd but true anecdote:
We are in a big dinner party that the mayor or something of Baku (capital of Azerbaijan) has thrown in our honor. He comes up to me and says "You look like my daughter who works in a brothel". I freeze, turn crimson, and run. Later learn that our word for 'brothel' is their word for 'factory'. Quite a few such embarrassing word mix-ups in countries where pretty much all other words are the same