curiosity, could you clarify what you mean by "higher risk" - higher risk of what, if not of a worse outcome? I don't understand.
I was a planned HB who transferred for slow progress, and then ended up with a classic cascade of intervention I had sought to avoid. Epi -> synto -> IV IBs -> CFM -> catheter -> supine immobile position
When I got to second stage, I asked to be assisted into a favourable upright position to push, i.e. not flat on my back in stirrups. I was refused help. I was told the baby was in distress and forceps were insisted upon as the only option, after I had been pushing only for a few minutes. I refused forceps and consented unhappily to ventouse. Birth was assisted but I had almost pushed her out whilst they were preparing the equipment.
Her apgars were fine (8 then 9) but the consultant justified her threatening attitude by telling me the baby's heart trace was the worst she had seen.
I recently saw that trace printout. The consultant lied. It shows some variability (as you'd expect in second stage, but no significant accelerations or decelerations that could give cause for such panic and urgency).
The evidence suggests that if I had not been on my back, the baby would not have been 'distressed', and would have descended better as my pelvis would have been able to provide better passage. On my hands and knees or squatting, without continuous foetal monitoring, I believe the outcome would have been better.
It was horrid, scary, resulted in a 2nd degree tear, and I feel all this was caused by the interventionist approach. If I'd have stayed at home , or at the very least been able to continue with the birthing practices typical of a HB, the outcomes would, I feel have been better for me and for my baby.
But I suspect this is one of those scenarios that many people will see as "thank goodness you were in hospital so that the doctors could save you both".
I do believe doctors generally have patients' best interests at heart - but this competes with a fear of litigation from inaction as Sabire has pointed out. And I believe there is an arrogance in many doctors which leads them to take unneccessary action rather than accept that in many birth situations outcomes would be better without their 'help'.