From the way you describe the interaction it seems like you might be helped with some support in communication and conflict resolution. Have you ever looked into any of this?
She carelessly woke the baby up by ringing the doorbell, but your reaction of “what is going through your head?!?” immediately escalated the situation.
Then she reacted to that tone, “you’re in a shit mood again” (which sounds like you were to be fair), and then instead of de-escalating it by saying something like “you’re right, I’m really tired and sick and I snapped just then because I’d just gotten him down and I’m desperate to rest. But I know you didn’t mean to wake the toddler and probably just forgot so I’m sorry for snapping. Let’s reset - welcome home, how were fireworks?”
You chose to say she should just go and stay at her dads! The ultimate rejection and withdrawal of love! So she did.
You’re the adult and she’s the 17 year old so it’s on you to read up on conflict resolution and be the change you want to see in your relationship.
There are so many free resources out there, even instagram is awash heaps of helpful accounts offering relationship and conflict resolution advice. I really like the account Meet the Freemans - it’s marriage advice but their conflict resolution stuff definitely applies to all family relationships.
Definitely don’t cut off her phone etc - she’s almost an adult and you need to work on your actual relationship rather than resorting to punishments to get the behaviour you want.