There are legal issues that make means testing the State Pension impossible for those who have paid into it. That’s not to say this could change legally for those starting out as workers now
It’s worth noting those on higher private pensions pay tax thereby giving back ( so to speak ) what they receive. So a private pension of £50k gives back just a little over the state pension
As an aside this issue of means testing was brought before Govn in January and here is the response
Government responded
This response was given on 27 January 2025
Our commitment to the Triple Lock throughout this Parliament will increase the State Pension by up to £1,900 a year by its end. The Government does not and will not means-test the State Pension.
Read the response in full
The Government is committed to supporting current and future generations of pensioners and giving them the dignity and security they deserve in retirement. There is no means test for the State Pension, and this Government will never introduce one.
We have made a commitment to the Triple Lock for the entirety of this Parliament which means spending on people’s State Pensions is forecast to rise by over £31 billion. Our commitment means millions of pensioners are set to see their State Pension rise by up to £1,900 a year by the end of this Parliament. Protecting the Triple Lock even in the current economic climate shows our steadfast commitment to pensioners.
Given the substantial pressures faced by the public finances, the Government has had to make difficult decisions to bring the public finances back under control. This includes the decision to target the Winter Fuel Payment on low-income pensioners who need it most.
It is because this Government has taken tough but fair decisions to put the public finances on a stable footing that it has been possible to invest an extra £22.6bn in day-to-day health spending in England over this financial year and next with consequential funding increases for the Welsh and Scottish Governments. We are committed to investing in and reforming the health service so that it delivers the care that older generations in particular deserve.
The new State Pension was introduced in April 2016 with the aim of providing a clearer, sustainable foundation for private saving. The full rate of £221.20 per week (2024/25) was set above the Standard Minimum Guarantee level of Pension Credit, to remove disincentives to save.
Removing previous savings disincentives by reducing the interaction between private pension income and means-tested benefits for those with modest incomes, has enabled pensioners to see greater benefits from their retirement savings or income.
Together, the new State Pension and Automatic Enrolment to workplace savings provide a robust system for retirement provision for decades to come. Pension Credit will continue to provide an important safety net for those who need it.
From
Department for Work and Pensions